2011—2015年厦门市食物中毒流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning events in Xiamen from 2011 to 2015

作　　者：骆和东[1] 洪华荣[1] 卢婉婷[2] 陈剑锋[1] 王娟[1] 叶秀恋 

机构地区：[1]厦门市疾病预防控制中心,福建厦门361021 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350004 [3]厦门市食品药品质量检验研究院,福建厦门361012

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2016年第6期805-808,共4页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：福建省医学创新课题(2011-CXB-48)

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2015年厦门市食物中毒的流行病学特征,了解食物中毒的规律和特点,为预防和控制食物中毒的发生提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2011—2015年厦门市食源性疾病报告系统所收集到的食物中毒资料按发生的时间、地点、病死率、致病因素等进行统计分析。结果 2011—2015年厦门市共报告食物中毒事件77起,中毒人数806人,死亡1人。食物中毒事件主要集中在第三季度,8月份最多。中毒原因以微生物性食物中毒为主,占62.34%(48/77),其中主要的致病因子是副溶血性弧菌,而诺如病毒是厦门市2012年后新发现的又一中毒因素。食物中毒主要发生场所是餐饮服务单位,主要集中在岛内思明区。结论加大食品卫生安全的宣传力度,加强对餐饮业的监管力度,建立完善的食物中毒应急处置机制,是减少厦门市食物中毒事件的有效途径。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning events in Xiamen from 2011-2015,and to provide basis for prevention and control. Methods Data of food poisoning events in Xiamen during 2011-2015 were collected through foodborne disease outbreak reporting system. The general situation,seasonal and monthly distribution,pathogenic factors and locations of the food poisoning were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological methods. Results There were 77 reported food poisoning events,with a total of 806 victims and 1 death. Poisoning events were more often in the third quarter of the year,and the peak was in the August. The most common reason for food poisoning was microbial food poisoning,accounting for 62. 34%（ 48 /77）,and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the main pathogenic factor. Food poisoning caused by Norwalk virus was reported from 2012 in Xiamen. Food poisoning events were mainly traced back to catering services in the Siming District. Conclusion It＇s necessary to strengthen efforts to promote awareness of food safety risks,strengthen the surveillance of restaurants,and establish the effective emergency response mechanism to prevent and reduce food poisoning in Xiamen.

关 键 词：食物中毒 流行病学特征 预防措施 厦门 微生物 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]