多个案比较法及其对高等教育研究的启示  

Small-N Comparative Case Studies and Their Enlightenment for Higher Education Research

作　　者：蔺亚琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学教育科学研究院,武汉430074

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2016年第11期39-50,共12页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15YJC880040)

摘　　要：作为教育研究的重要方法,多个案比较法擅长采用比较不同个案的异同来建构或展示解释性理论。多个案比较法分为个性化比较、普遍化比较、涵括式比较与多样化比较四种模式,它们在比较目标、个案确定、理论旨趣等方面各具特色。密尔逻辑中的求同法、求异法与共变法广泛运用于多个案比较的因果理论建构之中。基于多个案比较产生的解释理论多为中层理论,具备叙事性和开放性等特征。多个案比较法对高等教育研究深具启示意义,适合探讨宏观与中观层面的高等教育现象,有助于提升研究的理论深度与强化个案研究的方法论意识,在高等教育研究中具有广泛的应用空间。As the important method of educational research, comparative case studies are important to construct explanatory theory in education studies. There are four modes in com- parative case studies, which are individualizing, universalizing, encompassing and variation- finding. The four modes are different in the goals of comparison, selection of cases and theo- ry priority. The method of agreement, the method of difference and the method of concomi- tant variations in Mill＇s methodological principles of causal induction are widely used in the comparative studies to develop theories. Theories constructed in comparative studies are middle-range theories, with the properties of openness and narrative frames. Comparative case studies are enlightening in the education studies, which is helpful to explore the macro and middle-range educational phenomena, to construct the theories and to build the method- ology consciousness.

关 键 词：个案研究 多个案比较 比较模式 因果逻辑 

分 类 号：G40-03[文化科学—教育学原理]