实践导向下美国教师教育课程探索  

Investigating Practice-based Teacher Education Curriculum in the United States

作　　者：左岚[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东第二师范学院教师教学发展中心,广东广州510303

出　　处：《高教发展与评估》2017年第1期97-103,共7页Higher Education Development and Evaluation

基　　金：2015年度广东省高等教育教学改革项目"卓越教师评价标准体系与培养途径研究"

摘　　要：在过去的20多年间,美国知名高校发展了一批以实践教学为导向的教师教育项目,取得了卓越的成效。美国教师教育项目通过开设多元化教师教育课程,教授教师候选人运用个案研究、课堂教学的展示、教学档案袋、开展问题导向的研究等策略,在真实教学情景下,深入思考教学,开展教学研究,发展与评估了教师候选人的教师知识与教学技能。基于美国的经验,提出了中国教师教育课程改革需以核心的教师知识与技能作为实践教学的评估标准;同时,还需以"大学为本",重视教学研究,运用教学理论解决实践问题;加强"伙伴协作",重视中小学对实践教学的专业引领,建立、培养教师共同体。In the past twenty years,world-renowned universities in the United States have developed practice-based teacher education programs and achieved success.These excellent teacher education programs have implemented diverse courses and strategies such as case study,demonstration of teaching performance,teacher portfolios,and problem-based inquiries to stimulate the teacher candidates' reflections on teaching,conduct teaching research,and develop and evaluate their teaching knowledge and skills in authentic contexts.Based on the experience of the United States,teacher education curriculum reform in China is needed to build 'standard-based' orientation according to the key teacher knowledge and skills as practical teaching evaluation criteria.The curriculum also needs to focus on 'university-based' orientation,which enhances teaching research and puts theory into practice.Finally,this curriculum requires the reinforcement of 'partnerships',emphasizing the professional guide from primary and middle schools,and building the learning community for teacher cultivation.

关 键 词：教育实践 课程 美国高等教育 卓越教师教育项目 

分 类 号：G652[文化科学—教育学]