芒果露水斑病病原菌分离鉴定及其拮抗菌筛选  

Isolation and identification of pathogen causing mango dew blotch disease and screening of its antagonistic microorganisms

作　　者：井敏敏 田亚琴[1] 王润菡 邵远志[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学食品学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2017年第5期163-167,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：农业部南亚热作项目(14RZNJ-59);海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2016043)

摘　　要：目的:明确芒果"露水斑病"的病原菌,并对病原菌拮抗菌进行筛选,为病害的进一步防治提供理论基础。方法:采用扫描电镜观察病果表皮状况,通过组织分离法对发病样品进行病原菌分离,采用平板对峙法对病原菌拮抗菌进行筛选,最后对病原菌及拮抗菌进行形态学以及分子生物学鉴定。结果:明确"露水斑病"是由真菌引起,并鉴定为枝状芽枝霉(Cladosporium cladosporioides)。针对病原菌从芒果果园土壤中分离筛选出8株对其具有拮抗效果的菌株,其中细菌JS-8、酵母菌Y-1拮抗效果最为显著(p<0.05),其抑菌圈直径分别达15.17 mm、14.93 mm。经形态特征、生理生化特征以及分子生物学将菌株JS-8、Y-1分别鉴定为唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia gladioli)、汉逊德巴利酵母(Debaryomyces hansenii)。结论:"露水斑病"主要由枝状芽枝霉引起,唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌、汉逊德巴利酵母可作为该病害潜在生防菌株。Objective： The project aims to clarify the pathogen of the mango dew blotch disease, screen its antagonistic microorganisms in order to lay theoretical basis for the further prevention of the disease.Methods：Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the condition of the peel of diseased fruit. Conventional tissue separation method was applied to separate disease tissue.And the antagonistic microorganisms were screened by the flat-stand method. The pathogen and antagonistic microorganisms were identified in morphological and molecular biological methods.Results：It was found that mango dew blotch disease was caused by fungus.And the pathogen was identified as Cladosporium cladosporioides. Eight antagonistic strains against Cladosporium cladosporioides were isolated and screened from the soil in mango garden. The strain JS- 8 and Y- 1 showed the highest and most stable antagonistic effect （p 〈 0.05 ）. Results showed that the inhibition zone diameters were 15.17 mm and 14.93 mm. Based on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and molecular biological methods, JS-8 and Y-1 were identified as Burkholderia gladioli, Debaryomyces hansenii.Conclusions：Mango dew blotch disease was mainly caused by Cladosporium cladosporioides.Burkholderia gladioli and Debaryomyces hansenii can be used for potential biocontrol strains of Mango dew blotch disease.

关 键 词：芒果露水斑病 病原菌 拮抗菌 鉴定 筛选 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]