一种用于模拟车辆冲击试验的铁路货车纵向连接模型  

A Longitudinal Connection Model of Railway Wagon for Simulating Vehicle Impact Test

作　　者：杨亮亮[1,2] 罗世辉[1] 傅茂海[3] 马卫华[1] 冯征 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司技术中心,江苏南京210031 [3]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [4]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司技术中心,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2017年第1期123-131,共9页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575458)

摘　　要：考虑车辆及其零部件的纵向力传递细节,提出一种新的用于模拟车辆冲击试验的铁路货车纵向连接模型;其中,在钩缓组成子模型中考虑缓冲器各摩擦部件之间的几何和力学关系,在车体与转向架连接子模型中考虑上、下心盘之间的黏着、滑动和碰撞行为,还通过在车体结构虚拟体之间加入虚拟弹簧以模拟车体自身的结构变形。基于所建立的模型,采用MATLAB软件编制车辆纵向冲击动力学计算程序,并以C80型运煤专用敞车为例仿真计算车辆的纵向冲击响应。与现场试验结果对比表明:仿真结果与现场试验结果基本一致,说明提出的货车纵向连接模型贴近车辆的实际运用状态;利用该模型不仅可以研究各车辆之间的纵向振动问题,还可以研究车体与转向架之间的纵向振动和车体结构纵向变形等问题,拓展了列车纵向动力学研究的应用领域。Considering the transfer details of the longitudinal forces of vehicle and its components,a new wagon longitudinal connection model was developed to simulate vehicle impact test.The new approach was improved with geometric and mechanical relationships in the friction draft gear considered and with the movements of sticking,sliding and collision between center plate and center bowl added.Besides,virtual springs between discrete car bodies were built to describe the deformation from the structure of car body.Based on the model,a C80 wagon longitudinal impact test was simulated by MATLAB software.Simulation results indicate that the new wagon longitudinal connection model can give wagon a practical applying environment,and the outputs from vehicle impact tests are nearly the same as the ones from field tests.Furthermore,the new model can be used to study on the longitudinal vibration between different cars,between car body and bogie,and of car body itself,so it expands the application field for train longitudinal dynamics.

关 键 词：铁路货车 纵向连接模型 冲击试验 模拟 缓冲器 心盘 车体 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程] U270.34[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]