伤员后送无人机的研究现状与发展趋势  

Research status and development tendency of unmanned aerial vehicles for casualty evacuation

作　　者：苑英海[1] 秦晓丽[1] 安慰宁 张文昌[1] 李昊[1] 苏卫华[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所,天津300161

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2017年第2期104-108,共5页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：原总后卫生部重点项目(BWS14C054);原总后卫生部军队重大项目(AWS13Z006);军队后勤科研计划重大项目(AWS16J001)

摘　　要：目的 :探索无人机技术在灾害救援中伤员后送方面的应用。方法 :阐述无人机在灾害医学救援中伤员后送方面的研究现状,重点介绍多款国内外设计和研制的伤员后送无人机。根据动力结构不同,将其分为常规旋翼式、多旋翼式、涵道风扇式和复合式等类型,并对其负载能力和飞行速度等性能进行了分析。结果:归纳和总结了伤员后送无人机的优势及其发展过程中存在的问题和技术难点,并对其发展前景进行了展望。结论:立足于需求,专注于实用,打造高安全性、高可靠性和高实用性的伤员后送无人机是今后的发展方向。Objective To explore the application of unmanned aerial vehicles（UAVs） technology for casualty evacuation in disaster rescue. Methods The research status of casualty evacuation using unmanned aerial vehicles was described in the disaster medical rescue, and several UAVs involved in casualty evacuation were introduced. According to different dynamic structures, casualty evacuation UAVs were divided into four types, such as traditional rotor helicopter, multi-rotor aircraft,ducted fan aircraft, compound aircraft. Meanwhile, the load capacity and flight speed of involved UAVs were analyzed.Results The advantages of casualty evacuation UAVs in the previous researches related were summarized, with the problems and technical difficulty discussed. Furthermore, the development tendencies of casualty evacuation UAVs were predicted.Conclusion Casualty evacuation UAVs can transport the wounded to the professional medical institutions outside of the disaster scene instead of rescue crews, to reduce the casualty rate of rescuers and avoid secondary damage of the injured personnel,with accurate ＂point to point＂ casualty evacuation.

关 键 词：灾害救援 伤员后送 救援机器人 无人机 军事医学 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]