广州市城区居民蔬菜水果消费现状  

Status of vegetables and fruits consumption among urban residents in Guangzhou City

作　　者：黄婕[1] 何洁仪[1] 梁伯衡[1] 余超[1] 张维蔚[1] 张玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心食源性疾病与食品安全风险监测部,广东广州510440

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第2期179-182,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2016年广州市医药卫生科技一般引导项目(20161A010069)

摘　　要：目的了解广州市城区居民蔬菜水果消费现状,为开展科学高效的营养教育和营养干预工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层与人口成比例整群随机抽样的方法,于2011年1月—2012年4月选取天河区160户家庭的503人进行连续3 d24 h膳食调查,对108户328人进行食物频率法问卷调查。结果广州市城区居民平均每标准人日蔬菜摄入量为384.4 g(深色蔬菜为172.4 g,浅色蔬菜为212.0 g),符合膳食指南推荐量要求,但深色蔬菜摄入量不及蔬菜摄入总量的1/2。平均每标准人日水果摄入量为86.2 g,远不足指南推荐量;84.5%的居民摄入量低于推荐摄入量。82.0%的居民每天摄入蔬菜,以叶类蔬菜居多;36.9%的居民每天摄入水果,以仁果类和柑橘类为主;大多居民水果消费频次少于1次/周。秩和检验显示,不同年龄居民蔬菜摄入量差异有统计学意义(≥60岁最高,1~6岁最低)(χ~2=39.293,P<0.01);低收入家庭深色蔬菜摄入量显著低于其他收入家庭(χ~2=18.000,P<0.01);水果摄入量随家庭收入升高而增加(χ~2=6.475,P<0.05),女性水果摄入量显著高于男性(Mann-Whitney U=27 336.0,P<0.05)。结论当前广州市城区居民蔬菜摄入结构不合理,水果摄入严重不足。在开展营养教育和营养干预时需考虑性别、年龄和家庭收入的影响,进而有效促进合理膳食。[Objective]To know the status of vegetables and fruits consumption among urban residents in Guangzhou City,provide scientific evidence for carrying out the effective nutrition education and interventions.[Methods]By using the multistage stratified sampling and population proportional cluster random sampling,503 people were collected from 160 households in Tianhe District to receive the 24-hour dietary survey for 3 consecutive days and 328 people were collected from 108 households to receive the food frequency questionnaire survey from January 2011 to April 2012. [Results] The average daily intake of vegetables among Guangzhou urban residents was 384.4 grams（including green-yellow vegetable 172.4 grams and light-colored vegetable 212.0 grams）,which reached the recommended intake,however,the green-yellow vegetable intake was less than half of the total vegetables intake. The average daily intake of fruits was 86.2 grams,which was far lower than the recommended intake,and 84.5%of the residents＇ fruits intake was below the recommended intake. 82.0% of the residents ate vegetables everyday,which were dominated by leafy vegetables. Only 36.9% of the residents ate fruits everyday,which were mainly kernel fruits and citrus. Most of the residents ate fruits less than once a week. Rank sum test indicated that the difference in vegetable intake was statistically significant among different age groups,which the over 60 year-old age group had the highest vegetable intake and 1-6 year-old age group had the lowest intake（χ~2=39.293,P 0.01）. The intake of green-yellow vegetables in low-income families was significantly lower than that in other income families（χ^2 =18.000,P 0.01）. The intake of fruits increased with the rise of family income（χ^2=6.475,P〈0.05）. The intake of fruits in females was significantly higher than that in males（Mann-Whitney U=27 336.0,P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]The structure of vegetable intake among Guangzhou urban residents is unreasonable,and the amount of fruit intake is seriously

关 键 词：蔬菜 水果 摄入量 

分 类 号：R155.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]