从晚明文坛“师心”与“师古”的博弈看晚明文学思潮的流变  

On the Variety of Literary thought Late Ming Dynasty from the Perspective of the Gaming between Learn from the Ancients and Learn from the Heart

作　　者：金霞[1,2] 宋克夫[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学文学院 [2]湖北大学知行学院

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第1期165-176,共12页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目"明代湖北京山文人李维桢研究"(16G240)

摘　　要："师古"和"师心"是中国古代文论中的一个重要命题。明代诗文流派纷呈,关于"师古"和"师心"的讨论尤为激烈。学术界通常认为晚明文坛中复古派主张"师古",否定"师心",公安派力主"师心",否定"师古",晚明文学思潮中"师古"和"师心"处于尖锐对立的状态。但通过对晚明复古派和公安派文学思想考察,发现无论是复古派还是公安派,其文学思想中,"师心"和"师古"均共存,只不过处于一种"此消彼长"的博弈状态。复古派力主"师古"的同时,也提倡"师心",公安派在力主"师心"之时也并未否定"师古"。二者博弈和相互作用成为推动晚明文学思潮向前发展的重要因素,也为观照晚明文学流派之间的关系以及晚明文学思潮流变提供新的视角。Learn from the Ancients and Learn from the Heart is an important thesis of Chinese ancient literary theory. Poetry sects of Ming Dynasty are various, and the discussion about Learn from the Ancients and Learn from the Heart is particularly fierce. In general, academia thinks Restoration group propose Learn from the Ancients and negate Learn from the Heart in literary world of the late Ming Dynasty, while Gong＇an school proposes Learn from the Heart and negate Learn from the Ancients. Learn from the Ancients and Learn from the Heart is in opposite condition during the literary thought of the late Ming Dynasty. However, by investigating literary thought of Restoration group and Gong＇an School of the late Ming Dynasty, this paper finds that Learn from the Ancients and Learn from the Heart is coexistence. Restoration group proposes Learn from the Ancients and advocate Learn from the Heart at the same time, while Gong＇an School propose Learn from the Heart but not negate Learn from the Ancients. Game and interaction is the important factor of promoting development of literary thought of the late Ming Dynasty, providing a new pespective of relationship between poetry sects and literary thought of the late Ming Dynasty as well.

关 键 词：晚明文学 师心 师古 复古派 公安派 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]