2014—2015年北京市房山区急性胃肠炎风险因素和负担研究  

Disease burden of acute gastroenteritis: a population-based prevalence survey of acute gastroenteritis in Fangshan District,Beijing,2014-2015

作　　者：刘玉茹[1] 赵霞[1] 黄少平[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心,北京102401

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2017年第1期76-80,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的探讨北京市房山区急性胃肠炎的流行病学特征和社会经济负担。方法开展为期12个月的社区人群横断面调查,分析急性胃肠炎的发病情况、影响因素分布、临床表现、诊治情况以及经济负担。结果 2014年4月—2015年3月共调查1 678人,急性胃肠炎月患病率为0.65%(95%CI:0.27%~1.03%),年发病率为0.085次/人(95%CI:0.017~0.098次/人),每年房山区约有8.7万人次发生急性胃肠炎,食源性比例为54.5%(6/11)。发病时间主要集中在第二季度,低年龄段、文化程度较低、家庭收入较低、居住在农村的人群,急性胃肠炎患病风险较高。72.7%(8/11)的病例进行了药物治疗,54.5%(6/11)的病例去医疗机构就诊,药物治疗的病例中87.5%(7/8)使用抗生素,急性胃肠炎造成总经济损失约为0.32亿元,占2014年房山区地区生产总值(519.3亿元)的0.62‰。结论房山区急性胃肠炎的疾病负担值得关注,且食源性比例较高,儿童患病风险较高,抗生素使用率较高,应加强食源性疾病监测和负担评估,探索有针对性的干预措施,为减轻食源性疾病的社会经济负担,提高防控能力提供科学依据。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of acute gastroenteritis and related social economic loss in Fangshan District,Beijing. Methods A 12 months cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 areas from April 2014 to Match 2015,aiming to analyze the incidence,symptoms,risk factors and its economic loss of acute gastroenteritis. Results Totally 1 678 people were interviewed. The average monthly prevalence of acute gastroenteritis was 0. 65%（ 95% CI： 0. 27%-1. 03%） and the incidence was 0. 085 per person-year（ 95% CI： 0. 017-0. 098 per person-year）. It was estimated that 87 thousand cases of acute gastroenteritis occurred every year in Fangshan District.And 54. 5%（ 6 /11） of the cases believed that consuming contaminated food were the suspected causes. The incidence peak was in the second season. The risk factors of acute gastroenteritis were low educational level,lower family income and living in rural area. There were 72. 7%（ 8 /11） of the cases took medical care,about 54. 5%（ 6 /11） of the cases went to the hospital and 87. 5%（ 7 /8） of the cases who took medical care used antibiotics. The overall economic loss caused by acute gastroenteritis was about 32 million RMB,accounting for 0. 62‰ of gross domestic product（ GDP） of Fangshan District in 2014（ 51. 93 billion RMB）. Conclusion The disease burden of acute gastroenteritis was heavy in Fangshan Dictrict. The foodborne proportion of acute gastroenteritis was high and children were more vulnerable. The usage of antibiotics was frequent. It was necessary to strengthen foodborne disease surveillance system and burden of disease assessment. Further research is needed in order to conduct targeted intervention.

关 键 词：急性胃肠炎 食源性疾病 横断面研究 疾病负担 食品安全 北京 房山 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]