试论当前民族地区义务教育均衡发展的困难及其应对——基于青海、贵州、云南部分民族地区的调查研究  

Challenges and Countermeasures for the Balanced Development of Compulsory Education in Minority Areas:Based on the Fieldwork in Qinghai,Guizhou and Yunnan Province

作　　者：袁梅[1] 罗正鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学教育学院,北京100081 [2]玉溪师范学院教育科学学院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《教育学报》2017年第2期93-99,共7页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2014年度青年项目"推进民族地区义务教育均衡发展研究"(项目编号:CMA140129)成果之一

摘　　要：推进民族地区义务教育均衡发展是我国义务教育均衡发展的难点。相对于内地,民族地区义务教育均衡发展存在更多困难,尤其表现在撤点并校不当影响学生就学,学生背景多样增加教学困难,升学方式单一、考评内容片面不利学业成功,现实条件受限很难确保师资,地方力量不足难以提供保障等方面。这些困难制约着我国义务教育均衡发展。因此,需要进一步解放思想、打开思路、更新观念,通过合理调整学校布局规模,积极推进课程教学建设,深入开展升学考评改革,尽快出台教师配置新策,适度提高教育责任主体等方式加以应对,从而更好地补齐我国义务教育均衡发展的短板。At present,how to promote balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas is a challenge for the balanced development of compulsory education in China.Compared to other areas,there are more challenges in the balanced development of compulsory education in minority areas.For example,the inappropriate combination of schools affects student enrolment;the diverse background of students increases the challenge in teaching;the single path of promotion and one-size-fits-all assessment content adversely affect students＇ performance;the adverse condition can hardly attract qualified teachers,and the local power is insufficient and can hardly provide guarantee,etc.These challenges have restricted the balanced development of compulsory education in China.Therefore,we need to open our mind,think out of box and update our views.Responding to these challenges,we should make reasonable adjustment to school layout scale,actively promote the construction of curriculum teaching,intensify the reform of entrance examination and assessment,issue the new policy of teacher allocation,and appropriately assign the education responsibility to authorities at higher levels.By doing these,we can better promote the balanced development of compulsory education in China.

关 键 词：民族地区 义务教育 均衡发展 发展困难 

分 类 号：G522.3[文化科学—教育学]