《黄帝内经》中颜色词的认知解析  

A Cognitive Interpretation of Color Words in Huangdi Neijing

作　　者：廖正刚[1] 杨忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共外语教育学院,吉林长春130012 [2]东北师范大学外国语学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《外语教学》2017年第3期29-34,共6页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"意义进化视角的英汉语法隐喻研究"(项目编号:12BYY008);国家留学基金委项目"国际区域问题研究及外语高级人才培养"(项目编号:201406170197);吉林省社科规划项目"<黄帝内经>基本等级词汇跨范畴问题研究"(项目编号:2014WY29)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：本文采用语料库的研究方法,对《黄帝内经》中基本颜色词出现的频次做了统计。统计表明,《黄帝内经》中基本颜色词出现的顺序与Berlin和Kay所发现的人类颜色词的普遍认知结构有所不同。同时,本文采用内省法对《黄帝内经》中颜色词的次范畴化体现方式、五色与五脏的映射关系、颜色认知与诊断意义以及这一切背后的认知理据进行了深入分析。研究发现,颜色词次范畴化的体现方式主要为两个基本颜色词的叠加(AB型非基本颜色词),叠加构词的认知理据为因果性、顺序性和并列性。颜色词次范畴化的体现方式还有由程度形容词+基本颜色词组成的结构,但这种体现方式十分罕见,而由基本颜色词+如+实物名称构成的非基本颜色词组较为常见,其构成的认知理据为隐喻和转喻。在《黄帝内经》中,非基本颜色词往往表示病症,但其与四时相关时却有特例。"天"、"地"、"人"之五色分别转喻五脏,体现出思维主体对思维对象的直接把握。概念整合理论视角下综合研究《黄帝内经》中的颜色词,不仅具有理论意义,同时具有临床指导意义。The paper first uses the corpus method to investigate the frequency of the basic color words which appear in Huang- di Neijing. The statistics show that the sequence of the basic color words in Huangdi Neijing is quite different from that of the universal cognitive structure of the basic color words discovered by Berlin and Kay. Secondly, this paper uses the introspection method to analyze the realization of subcategorization of color words, the mapping between five colors and five organs, color cognition and diagnosis significance. Further more, the motivation of the hidden cognition is also discussed. The results show that the realization of subcategorization of color words in this classic is mainly through the combination of the two basic color words （ AB Type non-basic color words）, in which there is cognitive motivation of word formation as cause-effect, sequence and juxtaposition. In addition, there is an ＂extensive adjective ＋ basic color word＂ structure. Such color words are seldom seen in Huangdi Ne^iing. But the non-basic color groups are often seen in it. The cognitive motivation of the non-basic color word groups are metaphoric and metonymic. The non-basic color words often represent abnormal phenomena of the patients, but there are some special cases concerning the four seasons. The relationship between five colors and five organs is metonymic. The five colors of heaven, the five colors of earth and the five colors of man could refer to five organs, which shows the subject could grasp the object intuitively. The comprehensive study of the color words of Huangdi Neijing with the theory of conceptual integration theory has not only theoretical meaning but also guiding clinic significance.

关 键 词：《黄帝内经》 颜色词 认知 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]