论朱熹哲学中的公共性思想  

On Publicity in Zhu Xi's Philosophy

作　　者：朱承[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学哲学系 [2]华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所

出　　处：《哲学研究》2017年第5期70-77,共8页Philosophical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大攻关项目"<诗经>与礼制研究"(编号16ZDA172)子课题"诗礼文化成型与当代传承"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：朱熹的"理一分殊"思想,强调天理的普遍性,为社会交往的公共性原则提供了形而上依据,也是其公共性思想的逻辑前提。朱熹注意区分公私之别,将天理人欲之辨看作公私之辨,认为公是仁爱思想的前提和重要内容。与先儒一样,朱熹认为公共性价值的具体落实依赖于由己而人,由"明德"而后"亲民",强调个体修养向公共空间的推衍。朱熹对"絜矩之道"或"礼"的重视,为公共性原则的落实提供了规则性保障。朱熹公共性思想中对个体的挤压,需要在现代价值视域中予以扬弃。Zhu Xi stressed the universality of heavenly principle in his idea of 'one principle with diverse manifestations,'which supplies the metaphysical foundation for the publicity of social communication and thus constitutes a logical premise for publicity in Zhu's philosophy. Distinguishing the public from the private,Zhu regarded the distinction between heavenly principle and human desire as that between the public and the private,claiming that the public is essential to being humane. Like a Confucian,Zhu argued that the realization of publicity relied upon the extension of individual cultivation into the public sphere,and from'manifesting luminous virtue'to 'renewing the people. 'He also emphasized the inference from individual cultivation to the public sphere. For Zhu,'rituals'can function as a regulatory mechanism for the realization of publicity. Nevertheless,the oppression by the public of the individual in Zhu's thinking should,from the perspective of modern values,be overcome.

关 键 词：朱熹 公共性 理一分殊 天理人欲 絮矩之道 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]