当前城镇义务教育学校大班额的问题及其治理  

The Types and Governance on Large-class in Compulsory Education Schools in Cities and Towns

作　　者：李静美[1] 邬志辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学中国农村教育发展研究院,长春130024

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2017年第8期56-61,共6页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学2013年度重大课题攻关项目"城镇化背景下我国义务教育改革和发展机制研究"(13JZD043)的部分成果

摘　　要：大班额是我国城镇义务教育发展中的一大难题,它呈现出初中甚于小学、中西部更为突出、初中改善明显而小学任重道远的基本样态。大班额有着不同的形成机制,主要有人口拉动型、空间结构型、质量差距型和利益驱动型四种问题类型。治理城镇义务教育学校的大班额,须统筹解决教育资源短缺,扩大城镇学位供给;调整城镇学校空间布局,均衡校际教育质量;加大增量投入存量流动,提高乡校教育质量;以压力强化落实和监管,破除潜在规模利益。The large-class is a big problem in the development of China＇s compulsory education in cities and towns. There are three characteristics on the basic states： firstly, the large-class in junior middle school is more serious than that in primary school; secondly, the central and western regions are more serious than the east; thirdly, the large-class in junior middle school has improved more obviously than that in primary school. Based on the different formational mechanisms of large-class, there are four main types of large-class： the large-class pulled by population movement, the large-class caused by unreasonable spatial structure, the large-class caused by the gap in the quality of education and the large-class driven by interests. In order to improve and eliminate the conditions of large-class, several recommendations are put forward, such as solving the shortage of educational resources to expand the supply of degrees in schools of cities and towns, adjusting the spatial layout of schools in cities and towns and balancing the quality of education, increasing investments and flow to improve the quality of rural schools, strengthening the implementation and supervision by pressure and getting rid of the potential interests of scale.

关 键 词：城镇义务教育学校 大班额 类型 治理 

分 类 号：G522.3[文化科学—教育学]