高速列车前端多胞吸能结构的耐撞性优化  

Crashworthiness optimization of high-speed train front multi-cell energy-absorbing structures

作　　者：张秧聪[1] 许平[1] 彭勇[1] 邓雯苑 车全伟[1] ZHANG Yangcong XU Ping PENG Yong DENG Wenyuan CHE Quanwei(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China School of Automotive Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,长沙410075 [2]广东技术师范学院汽车学院,广州510000

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2017年第12期31-36,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1334208);国家支撑项目(2015BAG12B01);教育部重点项目(113051A)

摘　　要：为设计具有良好耐撞性能的高速列车前端多胞吸能结构,基于显式动力学有限元软件LS-DYNA,建立此吸能结构的有限元模型。通过台车碰撞试验验证了有限元模型的准确性,结合验证的有限元模型与全因子试验设计,构造了吸能结构的比吸能SEA和撞击平台力关于设计参数单元胞边长和壁厚的Kriging代理模型,并进行了误差分析,采用多目标粒子群优化算法,对多胞吸能结构的截面尺寸和厚度进行了优化设计。结果表明,壁厚比单元胞边长对多胞吸能结构耐撞性影响更显著,通过合理匹配壁厚和边长,能有效提高撞击平台力和比吸能。To design high-speed train front multi-cell energy-absorbing structures with excellent crashworthiness, a finite element model （FEM ） of energy-absorbing structure was established using LS - DYNA based on explicit dy namic. The FEM was verified using trolley collision test. Combined with the validated FEM and full factorial e x p eriment d e s i g n, the Kriging surrogate models of specific energy absorption （ SEA ） a n d m e a n crushing force with respect to design parameters were respectively constructed, a n d error analysis w a s g i v e n. T h e section size a n d thickness of the e n e r g y- absorbing structure were optimized b y using a multi-objective particle s w a r m optimization algorithm. T h e result s h o w s that wall thickness has more obvious i m p acton crashworthiness of the multi-cell energy-absorbing structure than cell-wall length. The mean crushing force and SEA canbe effectively improved by reasonable matching wall thickness a n d length.

关 键 词：固体力学 多胞结构 数值仿真 碰撞试验 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程] O342[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]