美国世界一流大学教师薪酬的制度模式、特征及其协同机制  

The Institutional Pattern,Characteristics and its Coordination Mechanism of Faculty Compensation in American First-Class Universities

作　　者：牛风蕊[1] 张紫薇[2] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学高等教育研究所,助理研究员福建福州350116 [2]北京大学教育学院,博士后研究人员北京100871

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2017年第6期59-66,共8页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：福建省教育科学"十三五"规划重点课题"‘双一流建设’背景下大学治理结构的改革和重构"(FJJKCGZ16-211);福州大学资助项目"权力结构调整视野中的地方高校教师聘任制改革研究"(XRC201604)的研究成果

摘　　要：薪酬制度在大学教师的选拔、任用和激励等方面发挥着重要的作用。美国世界一流大学在发展过程中,形成了单一薪酬制和合同薪酬制两种薪酬制度模式。总体而言,美国世界一流大学的教师薪酬呈现出较强的市场竞争性、多元因素分割、定期的增长及调整等特点。同时,其"非升即走"的人才筛选机制,"集体谈判"的外部调整机制,以及完善的福利保险计划成为教师薪酬制度的协同保障机制,为美国吸引和留住大批优秀教师起了关键性作用。在当前我国建设"双一流"的背景下,迫切需要提高教师的薪酬水平,增强学术职业的外部竞争力;优化薪酬结构,强化教师薪酬的保障功能;加强配套制度建设,完善教师薪酬体系,构建良好的引才育才环境。The Compensation system played an important role in the faculty selection, appointment and motivation in universities. In the process of its development, the world first-class universities in the United States have formed two system models： the single compensation system and the contract compensation system, and gradually tend to contract-based compensation. Overall, In world-class universities of the United States, the faculty Compensation shows a series of distinct features： strong market competition, multi-factor segmentation, regular growth and adjustment and so on. At the same time, its ＂up-or-out＂ screening mechanism, the external adjustment mechanism of collective bargaining and growth mechanism of welfare insurance, all of these became the important coordination mechanism for faculty compensation system, played the key influences in attracting and retaining a large number of talents for United States. In the background of the ＂Double-Top＂ in our country, it is urgent to improve the salary level of faculty and enhance the external competitiveness of academic profession; to optimize the salary structure and strengthen the guarantee function of faculty compensation; and to strengthen the construction of supporting system and perfect the compensation system, in order to build a good talent environment.

关 键 词：教师薪酬 世界一流大学 美国 非升即走 学术职业 

分 类 号：G647.2[文化科学—高等教育学]