法约尔管理思想及其在管理学史中的地位  

Fayol's Managerial Thoughts and Its Historic Status in Management History

作　　者：陶向南[1] 赵曙明[1] 邹亚军[1] TAO Xiangnan ZHAO Shuming ZOU Yajun(Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093)

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2016年第12期105-112,共8页Research on Economics and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"中国企业雇佣关系模式与人力资源管理创新研究"(71332002)

摘　　要：2016年是法约尔发表《工业管理及其一般管理》100周年。法约尔的管理思想在管理学史上有着崇高的地位,但与同时代的泰勒相比,其思想在现实中的影响力却相对不高。法约尔在国内学术界也是鲜有人提及。本文试图从这个谜题出发,首先讨论法国的经济政治背景对法约尔管理研究视角的影响,并认为正是法国的强势政府以及雇佣关系的特点,决定了法约尔的管理学研究视角相对于泰勒而言更加"单纯"而没有政治包袱。但是也正是由于这种"单纯"又导致法约尔的理论忽视了当时企业运行中的主要矛盾。直到二战后50年代,伴随着美国大规模企业兴起,法约尔所关注的组织及其管理问题又被学者发现。而法约尔对组织管理的独到定义,又为美国管理学者整合"丛林般"的管理学理论提供了一个理想的框架。This year,2016,marks the 100^（th） anniversary for Henry Fayol＇s book of Industrial Management and General Management.Fayol＇s thoughts in management has a high status in management history,however,compared with other management thinkers at that time,such as Frederic Taylor,his influence seems relatively lower in both academic circles and the practice field.Even in his motherland France,Fayol＇s thinking in management is rarely mentioned.It is this paradox that provides a cue to review Fayol＇s great contributions to management thought.This paper first discusses the French economic and political background in the early 20^（th） century which had great influence on Fayol＇s way to view the management.And it is strong government and employment relations in France at that time diat determined Fayol to adopt a ＂simple＂ perspective to observe phenomena in the factories with respect to Taylor who had to bear some heavy political burden.Because of this ＂simple＂,it made Fayol ignore the complex and fierce contradictions in the field of industrial relations at that time.It is until the 1950 s after the World War Ⅱ,with the rise of the large-scale production line enterprises in the United States,Fayol＇s thought had been rediscovered.The most important contribution of Fayol＇s thought is to provide an ideal framework for American＇s scholars to solve the issue of ＂management theory jungle＂ which had obsessed in academic circles of managerial studies for years.

关 键 词：亨利·法约尔 管理思想史 一般管理 

分 类 号：F091.3[经济管理—政治经济学]