黄芪水提物活性成分测定及对5种食用菌菌丝体生长的影响  

Active Ingredients Determination of Astragalus Aqueous Extract and Their Influence on Mycelium Growth of Five Edible Fungi

作　　者：张劲松[1] 牛宇[2] 张丽珍[3] 单璐[3] 聂建军[2] 徐全飞[2] 冯婉君 潘保华[2] Zhang Jinsong Niu Yu Zhang Lizhen Shan Lu Nie Jianjun Xu Quanfei Feng Wanjun Pan Baohua(Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 1nstitute of Agricultural Resources and Economy, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006 School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生物技术研究所,太原030006 [2]山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所,太原030006 [3]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第20期43-49,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山西省煤基重点科技攻关项目"设施食用菌高效碳碳循环研究与示范"(FT2014-03);"白灵菇新品种选育及配套技术研究与应用"(FT2014-03-13)

摘　　要：为了解黄芪水提物中主要有效成分的含量,并研究其对黑平菇、香菇、黑木耳、白灵菇、杏鲍菇菌丝体生长的影响。采用紫外分光光度法测定了黄芪水提物中总皂苷、总黄酮、总酚酸、总多糖含量;采用高效液相色谱法测定了毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花苷。结果表明,黄芪水提物中含有毛蕊异黄酮苷和芒柄花苷两种特征成分,总皂苷、总黄酮、总酚酸、总多糖含量分别为62.67、56.48、12.19、564.26 mg/g。在检测浓度范围内,黄芪水提物对香菇菌丝体生长会产生抑制作用;当黄芪水提物浓度小于一定阈值时可以促进黑平菇、黑木耳、白灵菇、杏鲍菇菌丝生长,高于该阈值时,生长速度则会被明显抑制;其中黄芪水提物对杏鲍菇菌丝体生长产生抑制作用时的阈值浓度最高,为1.5 g/100m L。黄芪水提物中主要成分为黄芪多糖、黄芪皂苷和黄芪黄酮,黄芪水提物在低浓度时可以促进食用真菌菌丝体的生长,但在高浓度时则抑制食用真菌菌丝体的生长。To investigate the contents of main constituents in the aqueous extract of Astragalus and their effect on the mycelium growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Auricularia auricula, Pleurotus nebrodertsis and Pleurotus eryngii, the contents of total saponins, total flavonoids, total phenolic acids and total polysaccharides in the aqueous extract of Astragalus were determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the contents of calycosin- 7- O-β- D- glucoside and fomononetin- 7- O- glucoside in the extract were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the aqueous extract of Astragalus contained calycosin- 7- O- β- D- glucoside and fomononetin- 7- O- glucoside. The content of total saponins, total flavonoids, total phenolic acids and total polysaccharides in the extract was 62.67 mg/g, 56.48 rag/g,12.19 mg/g and 564.26 mg/g, respectively. Within the concentration range of test, the mycelium growth of Lentinus edodes was suppressed by Astragalus aqueous extract. For Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia auricula, Pleurotus nebrodensis and Pleurotus eryngii, the mycelium growth was promoted when the concentration of the extract was lower than certain thresholds, and was obviously inhibited when the concentration of the extract was above those thresholds. Pleurotus eryngii showed the highest mycelium growth inhibition threshold value, it was 1.5 g/100 mL. The main constituents of the aqueous extract of Astragalus were polysaccharides, saponins and flavonoids. At low concentrations, the extract promoted the mycelium growth of the tested edible fungi, whereas at high concentrations, it inhibited the mycelium growth.

关 键 词：黄芪 水提物 成分测定 食用菌 菌丝体 

分 类 号：Q939.99[生物学—微生物学]