河南地区香菇中重金属镉含量检测及风险分析  

Detection and risk assessment of heavy metal of cadmium in Lentinula edodes from Henan province

作　　者：李淑芳[1,2,3] 尹海燕[1,2,3] 司敬沛[1,2,3] 尚兵[1,2,3] 马莹[1,2,3] 周玲[1,2,3] 刘继红[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南省粮食质量安全与检测重点实验室,郑州450002 [3]农业部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2017年第1期324-330,共7页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(GJFP201600601);河南省科技攻关计划项目(152102110135)~~

摘　　要：目的分析河南地区香菇子实体及其栽培基质中的重金属镉含量,初步确定香菇中重金属镉的风险等级,并估算在自然生长状态下香菇中镉的富集系数。方法通过随机及定点方式采集样品,采用原子吸收光谱法进行重金属镉的测定,根据国家食品安全风险评估中心(CFSA)的风险矩阵方法进行镉风险等级分析。结果香菇子实体及栽培基质中镉的含量范围分别为:鲜品:N.D.~0.83 mg/kg,干品:0.11~1.9 mg/kg,栽培基质:N.D.~0.29 mg/kg。香菇中重金属镉的风险等级为中风险。自然生长状态下,香菇子实体中镉的平均含量约为拌料中的4.6倍。结论香菇中的镉来自于栽培基质,自然生长状态下富集系数约为4.6,栽培者可以从源头上控制栽培料中的重金属限量来控制子实体中的镉含量。风险矩阵方法对香菇中重金属镉风险等级的评价结果为中风险,为质量安全管理和科学消费提供了参考。Objective To analyze the content of cadmium（Cd） in the fruit body and cultivated substrate of Lentinula edodes from Henan province, preliminarily confirm the risk level of Cd in Lentinula edodes, and estimate the enrichment coefficient of Cd in Lentinula edodes under natural growth conditions. Methods All samples were collected by random or constant sampling mode.The heavy metal of Cd was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The risk analysis and level were confirmed according to the risk matrix method of China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment（CFSA）. Results The results showed that the content of Cd in fruit body and cultivated substrate of Lentinula edodes were as follows： fresh product： N.D.～0.83 mg/kg, dried product： 0.11～1.9 mg/kg, and cultivated substrate： N.D.～0.29 mg/kg. The risk level of Cd in Lentinula edodes was medium risk. Under natural growth conditions, the average content of Cd in fruit body was about 4.6 times of the Cd content in mixing materials. Conclusion The Cd in the fruit body of Lentinula edodes is mainly derived from the cultivated substrate. The enrichment coefficient of Cd in Lentinula edodes is 4.6 under natural growth conditions. The final Cd content of Lentinula edodes can be adjusted by controlling the heavy metal limit of its cultivated substrate. The evaluation of risk level of Cd in Lentinula edodes is medium risk by the risk matrix method of CFSA, which will provide some references for the quality and safety management and scientific consumption.

关 键 词：香菇 重金属 镉 风险分析 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] O657.31[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]