康德的两大发现及其当代意义  

Kant's Two Great Discoveries and Their Contemporary Significance

作　　者：张廷国[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学系,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《重庆社会科学》2017年第7期5-9,共5页Chongqing Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目"德国古典哲学与德意志文化深度研究"(批准号:12&ZD126)

摘　　要：通过对纯粹理性和实践理性的批判,康德的最大理论贡献在于他的两个伟大发现:一是"人为自然立法";二是"人为自己立法"。第一个发现使得他在知识与信仰之间划清了界限,从而一方面为自然科学知识提供了形而上学奠基,另一方面又为人的信仰保留了地盘;第二个发现在于他确立了"定言命令"的绝对必然性和普遍有效性,这就使得他的伦理学与功利主义、快乐主义等伦理学有了根本区别。迄今为止,康德的这两个发现不仅没有过时,而且在全球化时代的今天仍然具有当代意义。For the reason of his critique on pure reason and practical reason, Kant＇s biggest theoretical contribution lies in two great discoveries： One is the thought about ＂the human being＇s legislation for nature＂, the other is about ＂the human being＇s legislation for himself＂. The first discovery enables him to draw a clear boundary between acknowledge and faith. Thus he provides a metaphysical foundation for the scientific acknowledge and meanwhile keeps room for the faith. The second discovery lies in his establishment of the absolute necessity and universal validity of ＂categorical imperative＂, this fundamentally distinguishes his ethic from utilitarian and hedonie ethics. So far, this two great discoveries are not out of date, but rather have their contemporary significance in the age of globalization.

关 键 词：知识与信仰 定言命令 启蒙 全球化治理 康德方案 

分 类 号：B516.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学]