无线传感器网络基于2阶段聚合的目标跟踪算法  

A Two-Tier Aggregation Based Tracking Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：任倩倩[1,2] 刘红阳[1,2] 刘勇[1,2] 李金宝[1,2] 王楠[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学计算机科学技术学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江省数据库与并行计算重点实验室(黑龙江大学),哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2017年第9期2001-2010,共10页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61300225;61370222;81273649);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(F2017022;F201430;F201434);黑龙江省高校青年创新人才基金项目(UNPYSCT-2015017);哈尔滨市科技创新人才专项基金项目(2016RAQXJ028)~~

摘　　要：研究无线传感器网络中能量有效的移动目标跟踪问题.1)定义了一个基于网格的网络模型,该模型使处于网格顶点附近的节点工作、其他节点睡眠以节省能量,同时保证跟踪质量.2)分析了目标出现位置与网格单元的关系,针对每种位置关系给出了一个通用的定位算法.在此基础上,设计了一个基于2阶段聚合的目标定位算法,对单个网格内定位结果进行优化.3)提出了一个基于顺?逆时针机制的最短路径选择算法传输目标定位的结果,保证最小化参与传输的节点数目.4)通过大量实验验证了所提出算法在能源节省和跟踪质量方面的有效性.Mobile target tracking is an important issue in wireless sensor networks. This paper discusses the energy efficient tracking problem in networks. We first construct a grid based network model,which makes nodes near the vertexes of grid cells work and others sleep to save energy with tracking quality guarantee. We analyze the relationship between target appearance position and grid cells in the network, classify the three cases of target detection and give a general target localization method applied to each case. Then, We propose a two-tier aggregation based target tracking algorithm. The algorithm implements aggregation on partial localization results to obtain the optimized final localization result. After that, a clockwise/anticlockwise scheme based shortest path selection algorithm is presented to transmit localization result to sink with minimum involved sensor nodes. Finally, a comprehensive set of simulations are presented and the experimental results show that the proposed target tracking algorithm can yield excellent performance in terms of tracking accuracy and energy saving in wireless sensor networks.

关 键 词：移动目标跟踪 聚合 网格 定位 时钟规则 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]