直接测汞仪测定野生食用菌中总汞含量及暴露风险评估  

Determination and evaluation of mercury content in wild edible mushroom by direct mercury analyzer

作　　者：周春艳[1] 胡黎黎[1] 顾万江[1] 覃梅[1] 王正虹[1] 何健[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2017年第17期2448-2451,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：重庆市医学科研计划项目(2014113)

摘　　要：目的研究测汞仪固体直接进样快速测定野生食用菌中总汞含量并评估总汞的暴露水平。方法取适量野生食用菌粉末于镍舟上,直接进样测定。用3种国家有证标准物质(GBW10010大米、GBW10014圆白菜、GBW10015菠菜)做质量控制,测得有证标准物质中总汞的回收率。结果有证标准物质中总汞的回收率为98.1%~105.0%。野生食用菌的总汞含量在7.2μg/kg^9 839.4μg/kg,平均值为1 370.1μg/kg;所测试样中88%样品总汞含量>100μg/kg、32%样品总汞含量>1 000μg/kg;不同地区野生食用菌总汞含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);若按成年人(70 kg)平均每天消费300 g新鲜食用菌计算,则总汞暴露量为2.7μg^107μg,连续食用1周,则会摄入PTWI剂量的68%~881%。结论直接测汞仪测野生食用菌中总汞含量的方法迅速可靠;野生食用菌总汞含量较高,食用野生食用菌有总汞摄入超量的风险,特别是对产自汞矿区的野生食用菌更应该谨慎食用。Objective To establish a fast determination method of total mercury content in wild edible mushrooms by mercury vapour analyzer and evaluate the risk of total mercury intake. Methods The wild edible mushrooms samples were smashed and weighted,put into nickel boat,and then determined by the mercury vapour analyzer. The determination method was validated by certified reference materials（ GBW10010 rice,GBW10014 cabbage,GBW10015 spinach）. Recovery of total mercury in standard substances was determined. Results The recoveries of the certified reference materials were within 98. 1%-105. 0%.The average mercury level in wild edible mushrooms was 1 370. 1 μg/kg,with the range of 7. 2 μg/kg-9 839. 4 μg/kg.Approximately,88% of the investigated samples mercury level were higher than 100 μg/kg,and 32% of the samples were higher than 1 000 μg/kg. The mercury level varied from different sample sites,and the differences were statistically significant（ 〈〈）. If an adult（ 70 kg） eats 300 g fresh wild edible mushrooms every day for a week,the total mercury exposure was within2. 7 μg-107 μg,and the provisionally tolerable weekly intake（ PTWI） will be within 68%-881%. Conclusion This method shows fast detection speed and reliability. The wild edible mushrooms contains high level mercury. Therefore,the wild edible mushrooms has toxicological or health risks by ingestion,especially the samples from mercury mining areas.

关 键 词：测汞仪 野生食用菌 总汞 风险评估 

分 类 号：R155.32[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]