烟台海域鲜活海产品副溶血弧菌的污染概况及致病风险评价  

Analysis on Contamination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Risk Assessment on Sea Foods from YANTAI Sea Area

作　　者：宫春波[1] 王朝霞[1] 伍海燕[1] 姜照[1] 董峰光[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台市疾病预防控制中心食品营养科,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期216-221,234,共7页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：2013年烟台市科学技术发展计划项目(2013WS258)

摘　　要：为了掌握烟台海域鲜活海产品副溶血弧菌(简称VP)污染值概率分布,评估其膳食致病风险,依据GB 4789.7-2013规定方法,对分层随机采集的烟台海域7类420种鲜活海产品进行VP检测,并借助@Risk软件进行数值拟合。结果表明,烟台海域鲜活海产品VP总体污染率为23.33%,双壳类最高为26.28%,其次是头足类(25.00%)、棘皮类(25.00%)、鱼类(23.29%)、甲壳类(23.21%)、腹足类(18.75%)、海藻类(16.00%)。腹足类污染值概率分布为贝塔分布、海藻类、棘皮类和双壳类指数分布,甲壳类极值分布、头足类三角分布、鱼类伽玛分布。黄、渤海海域海产品中VP总体污染率持平,VP污染值均为指数分布。第三季度水产品中VP污染率最高,各季度间比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=17.34,P=0.000171),第二、三、四季度VP分布分别为贝塔分布、极值分布和指数分布。鱼类的VP膳食致病风险概率值最高为1.97×10-4,其次为双壳类>头足类>甲壳类>棘皮类>腹足类>海藻类,全年的VP致病人次数均值为5.04×10-4次/人·年。说明烟台海域鲜活水产品普遍存在VP的污染,具有一定的膳食致病风险。The goal for this study is to investigate the contamination level of Vibrio parahaemolyticus of fresh sea foods from Yantai sea area, and to risk assessment by @Risk software based on Beta--Poisson mode. Seven kinds divided four hundred and twenty samples were randomly collected from the Yellow Sea and Bohai sea of Yantai. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected by GB 4789.7--2013, which probability distribution and dietary risk are fit by @Risk software. The fresh sea foods produced from Yantai sea area were general contaminated by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and the total contamination rate wae 23. 33%. The bivalve shells have the highest contamination rate that was 26.28%, and The contamination rate of the cephalopods, echinodermata, fish, shellfish, snails, and algae was 25. 00%, 25. 00%, 23. 29%, 23. 21%, 18.75 %,16.00% respectively. The snail, shellfish, cephalopods and fish probability distribution of VP contamination was Beta--General, ExtValue, Triang, Gamma respectively, but the echinodermata, algae and bivalve shells had the same probability distribution of VP contamination that was Expon. The VP contamination rate of samples which collected from Yellow sea and Bohai sea was 23.40%, 23.19% re- spectively, and it＇s probability distribution of VP contamination was Expon. The VP contamination rate of 3rd qtr was higher than that of 2na and 4th qtr, which probability distribution of VP contamination was ExtValue, Beta--General and Expon respectively. The risk values of V. parahaemolyticus when ingested heated fish for general population from Yantai sea area was 1.97 ×10^-4 , which was higher than others sea foods, and the prevalence rate of V. parahaemolyticus was 5.04×10^-4 times of one people an year.

关 键 词：鲜活海产品 副溶血弧菌 概率分布 风险 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]