响应面试验优化玉米油二次脱皂新工艺  

Optimization of twice removal of soap from corn oil by response surface methodology

作　　者：王俊国[1] 邹德智[2] 王东华 王彤[2] 赵岩 于殿宇[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林工商学院粮油食品深加工吉林省高校重点实验室,长春130507 [2]东北农业大学食品学院,哈尔滨150030 [3]东北农业大学园艺学院,哈尔滨150030 [4]哈尔滨天通农业科技开发有限公司,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国油脂》2017年第10期18-21,共4页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2016125);哈尔滨市应用技术研究与开发资金项目(2014DB3AN033)

摘　　要：利用玉米油含蜡特性,即在低温脱蜡过程中,皂粒以晶核状态吸附蜡质结晶脱蜡,同时完成了一次脱皂。在脱色过程中,加入活性白土脱色,同时残余的微量皂被活性白土进一步吸附,达到了二次脱皂的效果。考察了碱炼油中含皂量、碱炼油中含水量、养晶时间和活性白土添加量对二次脱皂后脱色油中残皂量的影响。通过单因素试验和响应面优化试验确定玉米油精炼脱皂的最优工艺条件为:碱炼油中含皂量300 mg/kg,碱炼油中含水量0.4%,养晶时间24 h,活性白土添加量0.5%。在最优工艺条件下进行脱皂,得到脱色油中残皂量为0.19 mg/kg,脱皂率为99.9%。新工艺脱皂效果更好,而且不经过水洗过程,无废水排放,符合节能环保的工艺要求,而且简化了加工工艺。Using the wax characteristics in corn oil,in the process of low temperature dewaxing,the soap adsorbed wax in the state of crystal nucleus,at the same time of crystallization dewaxing,the once soap removal was completed. In the bleaching process,activated clay was added to bleach and the residual traces of soap was further adsorbed by activated clay,so the twice soap removal was completed. The effects of soap content in alkali refined oil,water content in alkali refined oil,crystallization time,and dosage of activated clay on the residual soap content in bleached oil after twice soap removal were investigated. Using single factor experiment and response surface methodology,the optimal process conditions of removing soap from corn oil were obtained as follows： soap content in alkali refined oil 300 mg/kg,water content in alkali refined oil 0. 4%,crystallization time 24 h,and dosage of activated clay 0. 5%. Under these conditions,the residual soap content in bleached oil was 0. 19 mg/kg and the soap removal rate was 99. 9%. The new process had a better effect on soap removal,and there was no water washing process and no waste water discharge. It could meet the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection,and the processing craft was simplified.

关 键 词：玉米油 脱皂 脱皂率 残皂量 无废水 

分 类 号：TS224.6[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TS225.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]