从失败中学习:受挫学习的统一设计方法  

Failing to Learn:Towards a Unified Design Approach for Failure-based Learning

作　　者：安德鲁.A.陶菲克 荣慧 伊克仍.超 熊媛[3] 盛群力[4] 

机构地区：[1]北伊利诺伊大学 [2]乔治亚大学 [3]浙江商业职业技术学院国际交流学院,浙江杭州310053 [4]浙江大学教育学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《数字教育》2017年第6期84-92,共9页Digital Education

基　　金：教育部2016年度人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"学习科学视域下教学设计理论发展研究--促进高阶能力的学习环境设计"(16YJA880033)

摘　　要：迄今为止,许多教学系统旨在对学习者完成问题解决型任务提供支持。人们通常是依据教学设计模型来设计这些教学系统,在问题解决的过程中有效地促进学习者的发展。不过,也有许多理论将失败视作一种引发学习的策略。虽然研究者认为失败可能是解决问题的一个要素,但是没有开发出如何在教学设计中策略地运用失败的模型。有鉴于此,本文首先讨论了各种理论框架对"失败"所做的研究。在此基础上,我们提出了基于失败的学习系统设计原则,同时还讨论了研究的启示和后续的方向。To date,many instructional systems are designed to support learners as they progress through a problem-solving task.Often these systems are designed in accordance with instructional design models that progress the learner efficiently through the problem-solving process.However,theories from various fields have discussed failure as a strategic way to engender learning.Although researchers suggest that failure may be an element of problem-solving,no models have discussed how to employ failure strategically within instructional design.Given this gap,we first present failure-based research from various theoretical frameworks.Based on the research,we proffer failure-based principles for learning systems design.Implications and future research are also discussed.

关 键 词：失败 问题解决 统一理论 教学设计 基于案例的推理 合理失败 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]