乙醇对谷朊粉酶解产物的苦味影响研究  

Effects of Ethanol on Debittering of Wheat Gluten Hydrolysates

作　　者：彭晶[1,2] 郭晓娜 朱科学[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学食品学院 [2]江苏省食品安全与质量控制协同创新中心,无锡214122

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2017年第12期56-62,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA102201);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2015327)

摘　　要：为了探寻降低谷朊粉酶解产物苦味的方法,通过添加不同浓度的乙醇(5%、10%和15%),研究其对碱性蛋白酶酶解产物苦味值、游离氨基酸和相对分子质量分布的影响,以及在乙醇存在下碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶以及风味蛋白酶3种复配酶解体系所制得的酶解产物的苦味值和相对分子质量分布变化。结果表明:加入乙醇后,在相同的水解度下(DH),碱性蛋白酶的酶解产物苦味值降低,并与加入乙醇的浓度呈负相关。添加乙醇后,相对分子质量小于1 000的组分含量显著(P<0.05)降低,游离疏水性氨基酸(Pro,Ile,Phe和Met)显著(P<0.05)增加。添加乙醇后,3种复配酶解体系酶解产物苦味降低,相对分子质量小于1 000的组分含量显著(P<0.05)降低。与添加碱性蛋白酶单一酶解相比,在相同的水解度下3种酶复配酶解产物的苦味值进一步降低。添加低浓度乙醇对3种酶的活性影响较小。To explore the way to reduce the bitter of wheat gluten hydrolysates, different concentration of ethanol （5%, 10% and 15% ） were added during hydrolysis process. The changes of free amino acid, molecular weight distribution and bitterness value of hydrolysates produced by Alcalase were studied. Furthermore, the changes of molecular weight distribution and bitterness value of hydrolysates produced by the combination of Alcalase, neutral protease and flavourzyme were also measured. The results showed that at the same degree of hydrolysis （ DH）, hydrolysates produced by Alcalase had less bitterness after adding ethanol. The bitterness value had negative correlation with the ethanol concentration. The content of protein （ MW 〈 1 000） and free hydrophobic amino acids （ Pro, Ile, Phe and Met） were increased （P 〈0.05） in ethanol groups. Hydrolysates produced by combination of three kinds of en- zymes showed less bitterness value and the content of protein （ MW 〈 1 000） significant （P 〈 0.05 ） increased in ethanol groups. The bitterness of hydrolysates produced by the combination of enzymes showed less value than Alcalase at the same DH.Low concentration of ethanol had less effect on the enzyme activity.

关 键 词：乙醇 碱性蛋白酶 中性蛋白酶 风味蛋白酶 苦味肽 

分 类 号：TS213.2[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]