基于食物当量的中国居民食物消费变化  

Changes in Chinese Residents Food Consumption Based on Food Equivalent

作　　者：高晶[1] 唐增[1] 

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730020

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2018年第2期63-67,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:lzujbky-2017-43;lzujbky-2017-k01;lzujbky-2017-it14)

摘　　要：基于食物当量统一量化分析了1980年以来中国居民食物消费量和食物消费结构的演变趋势,结合Shannon-Wiener指数,分析探讨了居民食物消费种类的变化;通过进一步比较城乡居民恩格尔系数和不同收入阶层食物消费性支出,对比分析中国城乡居民及不同收入群体间的食物消费支出差异。研究发现,居民消费的食物质量不断提高,消费种类趋于多元化;居民直接粮食消费量逐年降低,动物性食物消费量持续增加,未来我国食物安全问题将转变为畜产品的生产和供给安全问题;我国居民肉类消费量与发达国家及饮食结构相似的地区相比仍有一定差距;参照《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》,目前居民谷类食物的摄入量已达到要求,肉类食物的摄入量略高于标准,但奶类的消费量还远远低于营养目标,食物消费结构还需进一步调整优化。Based on food equivalent,this paper quantitative analyzed food consumption and food consumption structure of Chinese residents from 1980. Combined with a Shannon-Wiener index,this paper discussed the types of Chinese residents＇ food consumption change. By further comparison of urban and rural residents engel coefficient and food consumption expenditure of different income groups,comparative analysis of the differences between food consumption expenditure of Chinese urban and rural residents and different income groups. The study found that residents＇ consumption of food quality enhanced unceasingly,species diversity of consumption; the direct grain consumption of residents reduced year by year,and animal food consumption continued to grow. In the future,the food security problem in our country will be turned into livestock produce and supply safely problems. The meat consumption in our country still has a certain gap compared with the same district of the developed country. According to the Chinese Dietary Guide 2016,Chinese residents has intake enough cereal,excess meat and less milk which under the nutritional goal,the structure of food consumption needs better adjustment.

关 键 词：食物消费 食物当量 食物安全 动物性食物 植物性食物 

分 类 号：F126.1[经济管理—世界经济] F426.82