一起农村聚餐引起霍乱暴发的调查  

Survey on an outbreak of cholera caused in a rural banquet

作　　者：肖林[1] XIAO Lin(Jingzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jingzhou ,Hubei 434000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]荆州市疾病预防控制中心,湖北荆州434000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2018年第1期45-47,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的对一起霍乱疫情调查,分析发病原因,为霍乱防控提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,制定病例定义,开展病例主动搜索、食品卫生学调查和实验室检测,确定此次疫情的原因。结果在参加婚宴聚餐的222人中,共搜索到病例13例,其中确诊病例8例,疑似病例2例,带菌者3例,感染率为5.9%,罹患率为4.5%,未参加者无发病。病例对照研究显示,婚宴中白灼基围虾是危险因素(OR=6.68,95%CI=1.26~35.28)。采取隔离治疗病例,对暴露人员和密切接触者实施医学观察和预防性服药等有效控制措施后,疫情迅速得到控制,没有出现二代感染者和死亡病例。结论经调查确定本次霍乱疫情的主要原因为村民食用婚宴中被污染的基围虾所造成。采取了隔离治疗病例、预防性服药等有效措施,控制疫情发生。Objective To investigate a cholera outbreak and analyze the causes and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the outbreak. Methods Field epidemiology investigation was adopted and unified diagnostic cases criteria was conducted. Cases search,food hygiene investigation and laboratory detection were carried out for determining the causes of the epidemic. Results Thirteen cholera cases were founded including 8 confirmed patients,2 suspicious patients and 3 bacteria carriers among the total of 222 people attended the wedding banquet. The infective rate was 5. 9%,and the attack rate was4. 5%,no case was reported from the people who didn＇t attend the feast. Case-control study showed eating shrimp in the wedding banquet was the risk factor（ OR = 6. 68,95% CI： 1. 26-35. 28）. After taking effective control measures such as medical observation and preventive medication for the exposed workers and close contacts,the epidemic was quickly controlled,and no two generative cases of infections and deaths occurred. Conclusion The cause of the outbreak is identified through the survey for rural residents eating cholera contaminated shrimp in the wedding feast. The epidemic is controlled effectively after taking the measure of isolated treatment cases and using preventive medicine.

关 键 词：О139霍乱 食品污染 食源性疾病 农村居民 暴发 调查 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]