护生:生态中心主义与人类中心主义的统一  

Life-protecting:The Unity of Ecocentrism and Anthropocentrism

作　　者：李勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学生态批评中心

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2018年第2期65-71,共7页Journal of Poyang Lake

摘　　要：人类中心主义与生态中心主义尖锐对立的症结在于两种立场背后思考方法的差异。人类中心主义立论的基础乃是实然,即人类目前所处的实际状况;生态中心主义的立论基础则是应然,即人类应该具有的立场与生存状态。生态中心主义应该在人类如何使用自己的智能满足自己的何种需求方面与人类中心主义展开对话。护生是人类由实然处境到应然理想的纽带。护生作为理念,在人的意识之中增加了生态伦理的道德之维;作为一种行为,它把人的善心扩大到自然万物,以主动参与的方式维护生态系统的平衡与和谐。从护生的角度看待人类中心主义与生态中心主义之争,护生理念把问题的讨论引导到生态伦理的更高境界之中。人的高贵不在于他有技术手段可以统治其他物种,而在于他有道德意识去呵护其他物种。The crux of the sharp confrontation between anthropocentrism and ecocentrism lies in the different thinking ways behind the two positions. The foundation of anthropocentrism is Being, which refers to the present actual status of human beings, while the foundation of ecocentrism is To-be, which contains the position and state of existence that humankind should have. There should be a dialogue between ecocentrism and anthropocentrism to discuss how human beings can make use of their intelligence and what needs they want to meet. Life-protecting links the Being status to the To-be ideal of human being. As a concept, life-protecting adds the moral dimension of ecological ethics to human consciousness; as an act, it extends human kindness to everything in the nature and maintains the balance and harmony of the ecosystem by means of active engagement. The idea of life-protecting leads the debate over anthropocentrism and ecocentrism to a higher level of ecological ethics. The nobility of human beings does not lie in their technical means to control other species, but in their moral awareness to take care of other species.

关 键 词：人类中心主义 生态中心主义 护生 生态伦理 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学] X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]