政府记者会汉英口译中情态偏移的描述性研究  

A descriptive study of modality shifts in Chinese-English interpreting at government press conferences

作　　者：李鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海200240

出　　处：《外语教学》2018年第4期86-91,共6页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：教育部青年基金项目"基于语料库的政府记者会口译中人际意义的重构研究"(项目编号:17YJC740043)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：本文以系统功能语言学的情态理论为分析框架,基于自建语料库,系统考察了中国政府记者会汉英口译中的情态偏移特征。研究发现:译员使用情态标记时倾向于情态对等翻译,但情态语义偏移也相当频繁;三个语义维度的情态偏移分别体现出"去义务化"、"主观化"和"弱化"倾向;相较于记者提问,译员在翻译总理或外长发言时,更频繁地选择"强化"偏移;"去义务化"、"主观化"和"弱化"偏移使中国领导人和记者之间的交流更加和谐、友好,而"强化"偏移则凸显中国政府的坚定立场和自信态度。本文认为,政府记者会汉英口译中的情态偏移规律反映了译员与源语发话人、译语听众、口译发起者、记者会主持人以及口译质量监控者之间的角色关系。Drawing largely on the modality system from Systemic Functional Linguistics, this paper attempts to conduct a cor- pus-based study of modality shifts in Chinese-English government press conference interpreting. Textual analysis on the use of medality markers in the English target texts reveals that modality shifts occur less frequently than zero shifts, but the degree of medality shifts is still considerably high. Shifts of medality .value and shifts of orientation are much more common than shifts of modality type among the three dimensions, which are respectively marked by a tendency towards ＂weakening＂, ＂ subjectivisa- tion＂ and ＂de-obligation＂. It appears that the identity of the source text speaker doesn＇ t affect the general degree or predomi- nant types of medality shifts, but does affect the degree of the ＂strengthening＂ shift, which features more prominently in trans- lating speeches of Chinese officials than journalists. The ＂weakening＂, ＂subjectivisation＂ and ＂ de-obligation＂ shifts render the communication between Chinese officials and journalists more friendly and harmonious, while the ＂strengthening＂ shifts present the Chinese government as more confident, sincere and powerful on important issues. All these features of modality shifts reflect the power relationships between the participants of press conference interpreting, including the interpreter, the source text speaker, the target text audience, the interpreting initiator, the conference chairperson and the quality assessor of the interpreting performance.

关 键 词：口译 语料库 情态偏移 政府记者会 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]