聋人阅读中的副中央凹视觉注意增强效应——来自消失文本的证据  

Effect of parafoveal visual attention enhancement in deaf reading: Evidence from disappearing text

作　　者：刘璐[1,2] 闫国利 LIU Lu;YAN Guoli(Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300074,China;School of Education Science,Ludong University,Yantai 264011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074 [2]鲁东大学教育科学学院,烟台264011

出　　处：《心理学报》2018年第7期715-726,共12页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(16BYY074)

摘　　要：为适应失聪后的复杂环境,聋人视觉注意资源的空间分布发生改变,这对聋人的阅读加工产生了影响。本研究尝试提出"聋人阅读中的副中央凹视觉注意增强效应",并采用消失文本范式考察这一效应对聋人读者副中央凹及中央凹处词汇信息视觉编码效率的影响。结果发现,在词n+1短暂呈现时,聋生快速编码副中央凹处文本信息的加工效率与其生理年龄匹配组相近,高于阅读能力匹配组;但在词n短暂呈现时,聋生快速编码中央凹处文本信息的加工效率落后于健听控制组,其词汇通达和总阅读效率均受阻。综上所述,本研究证实了聋人阅读中的副中央凹视觉注意增强效应,表现为副中央凹加工效率增强,但中央凹加工效率受阻。Visual information is essential to deaf people given their early auditory deprivation.Some researchers have proposed a perspective in which the distribution of deaf visual attention resource shifted from the central to the extrafoveal visual field.This study explores how this unique visual processing ability may influence reading in deaf people and proposes‘the effect of parafoveal visual attention enhancement in deaf reading.’We hypothesise that visual attention resources are reorganised due to the absence of auditory input for deaf people.This reorganisation increased distribution toward the extrafoveal field,but decreased it in the foveal field,resulting in poor reading efficiency.A total of 29 severely to profoundly deaf students（DS）from a deaf school in Tianjin participated in the present study.Their hearing loss is≥90 d B in the better ear.Participants are either born deaf or became deaf before three years old,and they use Chinese Sign Language（CSL）as their main communication mode.None of them received a cochlear implant.The age control group（AC）has 29 hearing middle school students,which indicated no significant difference in chronological age with DS.In addition,29 hearing primary students comprised the reading-level control group（RC）.The DS and RC were examined through a series of reading tests,including orthographic judgment task,reading fluency and reading comprehension,to match their reading levels.All participants read Chinese sentences for comprehension as their eye movements were tracked.A total of 48pairs of target words（48 high frequency and 48 low frequency words）were embedded in two different sentence frames.All sentences consisted of seven or eight double-character words.These sentences were either presented normally or in a disappearing text paradigm that,as each word（n）was fixated,the word（n）or the next word（n＋1）remained visible only for a short period（40 ms）before disappearing.The paradigm was utilised to manipulate the display duration for the pa

关 键 词：聋人 副中央凹视觉注意增强效应 消失文本 眼动 中文阅读 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]