制动转矩控制方法对车用电涡流缓速器耗能特性的影响分析  

A Study on the Influence of Braking Torque Control Method on the Energy Consumption Characteristics of Vehicle Eddy Current Retarder

作　　者：胡东海[1] 何仁[1] 胡楠楠 衣丰艳[2] 徐晓明[1] Hu Donghai;He Ren;Hu Nannan;Yi Fengyan;Xu Xiaoming(School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013;Shandong Jiaotong University,Jinan 250023)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013 [2]山东交通学院,济南250023

出　　处：《汽车工程》2018年第6期679-686,705,共9页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51275212和51505196);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J16LB08)资助

摘　　要：针对车用电涡流缓速器在制动过程中时需要消耗大量车载电能的问题,在建立车用电涡流缓速器制动特性和热力学特性模型的基础上,分析电涡流缓速器制动转矩分级控制和无级控制的耗能特性。理论分析和试验研究的结果表明:在使用过程中,分级控制方法耗电量大于无级控制方法,主要原因是分级控制方法使制动任务分配不均匀,将过多的制动任务分配给低挡的励磁绕组,导致其温度迅速升高和造成耗电量的额外增加;而无级控制方法则将制动任务均匀地分配给所有励磁绕组,以保证单个励磁绕组的温度不至于过高而增加能量消耗。In view of the huge consumption of electric energy of batteries on vehicle during the braking process of eddy current retarder,the models for the braking characteristics and thermodynamic characteristics are established and the energy consumption characteristics of eddy current retarder with both hierarchical and stepless controls of braking torque are analyzed. The results of theoretical analysis and experimental study show that the electric energy consumption with hierarchical control is greater than that with stepless control. The main reason is the uneven allocation of braking task with hierarchical control,in which too more braking tasks are allocated to the less exciting windings,leading to rapid temperature rise and causing additional electricity consumption. With stepless control,the braking tasks are evenly allocated to all the field windings,ensuring a proper temperature of single winding and a reasonable energy consumption.

关 键 词：电涡流缓速器 非线性数学模型 耗能特性 制动转矩控制 

分 类 号：U463.5[机械工程—车辆工程]