贵州野生茶树种质资源的主要生化成分及抗旱性评价  

Major Biochemical Components and Drought Resistance of Wild Tea Germplasm Resources in Guizhou

作　　者：杨凤 刘霞 尹杰 宋勤飞[2,3] 陈娟 牛素贞[2,3] 刘进平[5] YANG Feng;LIU Xia;YIN Jie;SONG Qin-fei;CHEN Juan;NIU Su-zhen;LIU Jin-ping(College of ForestrT,Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;College of Tea,Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;Research Center for Tea Engineering Technology,Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;Tea Institu-te,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guizhou Guiyang 550006,China;College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学茶学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学茶叶工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550025 [5]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第6期1122-1127,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560222);贵州省科研机构服务企业行动计划项目(黔科合服企(2014)4008);贵州省教育厅自然科学基金项目((2014)2995);贵州大学引进人才科研项目(贵大人基合字(2014)19);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑(2017)2558)

摘　　要：【目的】为探明贵州野生茶树种质资源的利用价值,筛选优质野生茶树种质资源。【方法】以32个分布地的73个野生茶树种质资源为研究对象,分析其春梢的主要生化成分及芽叶性状。【结果】在73个株系的野生茶树种质资源中筛选出10个贵州优质野生茶树株系,分别为Q3、Q18、Q27、Q32、Q34、Q41、Q49、Q51、Q56和Q66,10个茶树株系的春梢游离氨基酸含量和一芽1叶百芽重显著高于福鼎大白茶(对照),茶多酚含量和咖啡碱含量适中;73个野生茶树单株和扦插苗的主要生化成分表现基本一致;经进一步对10个优选株系扦插苗抗旱性(基于叶片解剖结构)初步评价,Q18、Q34、Q49和Q56株系的叶片栅海比和叶片CTR较高,分别在0.6和0.3以上。【结论】Q18、Q34、Q49、Q56野生茶树优势株系的春梢游离氨基酸含量高,一芽1叶百芽重较重,抗旱性强,可作为贵州野生茶树种质资源加以利用。[ Objective] The present paper was conducted to verify the utilization value of wild tea germplasm resources and screen out excel- lent wild tea germplasnl resources in Guizhou. [ Method] Major biochemical components of spring shoots and tea leaf traits of 73 wild tea germplasm resources from 32 distributing areas were analyzed. [Resuh]10 tea lines of Q3 ,Q18, Q27, Q32, Q34, Q41, Q49, Q51, Q56 and Q66 were selected from 73 wild tea germplasm resources. Their free amino acid content of spring shoots and weight of 100 buds with one leaf both were higher than Fudingdabaicha （CK） significantly and their tea polyphenol and cafteine content was appropriate. Major biochem- ical components were basically the same between plant and cutting of 73 wild tea germplasm resources. The leaf palisade tissue to sponge tis- sue ratio and CTR of Q18, Q34, Q49 and Q56 tea lines were above O. 6 and 0.3 based on leaf anatomical strcture respectively. [ Conclu- sion] Q18, Q34, Q49 and Q56 tea lines with high free anfino acid content in spring shoots, higher weight of 100 buds with one leaf and strong drought resistance should be utilized in tea production in Guizhou.

关 键 词：野生茶树 种质资源 芽叶性状 生化成分 品质 贵州 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]