油茶籽浸泡温度及时间对发酵法毛油产率及质量的影响  

Effects from Oleifera Seed Soak Temperature and Time on Yield and Quality of Crude Oil Produced by Fermentation Process

作　　者：姜金仲[1,2] 杨鹏鸣 吴杰 刘娟[1,2] 韩焓 Jiang Jinzhong;Yang Pengmmg;Wu Jie;Liu Juani;Han(Guizhou Education UniversityI,Guiyang 550018）（Guizhou yuan heng mountain tea seed biological technology Co.,Ltd.2,Guiyang 550018）（Henan Institute of Science and Technology3,Xinxiang 453003)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院,贵阳550018 [2]贵州元亨山茶叶籽生物科技有限公司,贵阳550018 [3]河南科技学院园艺园林学院,新乡453003

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2018年第8期57-63,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460405);贵州省科技计划(黔科合成果[2017]4127)

摘　　要：为了探索油茶籽浸泡温度及时间对油茶籽毛油产率及质量的影响,优化油茶籽油发酵生产工艺参数;通过设置浸泡时间、温度梯度及测定不同梯度条件下滤渣、油渣和发酵沉淀的产率、残油率、残油量、以及毛油产率等指标,对浸泡梯度的综合效果进行了研究,结果如下。浸泡时间及温度均能改变油茶籽水浆发酵分层状态,浸泡时间16 h、浸泡温度35℃时,发酵分层状态最适合毛油生产。不同浸泡时间条件下,剩余物产率、滤渣与发酵沉淀残油率、滤渣残油量及剩余物总残油量是影响毛油产率的主要因素;以残油量大小对其影响的排序为:滤渣>油渣>发酵沉淀;浸泡时间为16 h时,影响毛油产率的各种因素综合处于较好状态。不同浸泡温度条件下,各种剩余物产率对毛油产率影响效果不明显;滤渣与发酵沉淀残油率、滤渣残油量及剩余物总残油量是影响毛油产率的主要因素;以残油量对其影响的排序为:滤渣>油渣>发酵沉淀;浸泡温度为35℃时,影响毛油产率的各种因素综合处于较好状态。不同浸泡温度条件下,毛油过氧化值在35℃时最小,毛油酸值在30~45℃区间数值非常接近,毛油颜色及折光率均无变化。较好的浸泡时间及温度分别为16 h及35℃,在此条件下,毛油的产率、酸值、过氧化值、折光率、黄色及红色分别为31.1%、3.737 mg KOH/kg、0.492 8 mmol/kg、1.469、19.2及0.8。the main factors that affect production rate of crude oil. Based on their residual oil amount, the effects were sorted as follows： the filter residue 〉 oil residue 〉 fermentation precipitation. Soak time was 16 h; the comprehensive effects of all factors that affect production rate of crude oil were in the best state. Under the condition of different soak tem- perature, the effects from production rate of all residuum were not obvious. The residual oil rate of filter residue and fermentation precipitation, residual oil amount of oil residues and total residual oil amount were the main factors that affected production rate of crude oil. Based on their residual oil amount, the effects were sorted as follows ： the filter residue 〉 oil residue 〉 fermentation precipitation. Soak time was 35℃ ; the comprehensive effects of all factors that affect production rate of crude oil were in the best state. Peroxide value of crude oil was the minimum while soak temperature was 35℃. Acid values of crude oil were very close within the range of 30 -45℃, and crude oil color and refractive index were no change. The better Oleifera seed soak temperature and time was 35 ~C and 16 h, respectively. By the temperature and time, production rate of crude oil, acid value, peroxide value, refractive index, yellow and red were 31.1%, 3. 737 mgKOH/kg, 0. 492 8 tendency/kg, 1. 469, 19.2 and 0.8, respectively.

关 键 词：油茶籽油 发酵法 种子浸泡 毛油产率 毛油质量 

分 类 号：TS222.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]