不同形状猴头菇营养成分的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Components in Different Shapes of Mushroom From Hericium erinaceus

作　　者：张楠[1,2] 谢宇 唐小雪 侯孟君 周迪 罗怀波 段辉国 ZHANG Nan;XIE Yu;TANG Xiaoxue;HOU Mengjun;ZHOU Di;LUO Huaibo;DUAN Huiguo(College of Life Sciences,Neijiang Normal University,Neifiang,Sichuan 641100;Key Laboratory of Regional Characteristic Agricultural Resources,Department of Education,Neifiang,Sichuan 641100)

机构地区：[1]内江师范学院生命科学学院,四川内江641100 [2]四川省高等学校特色农业资源研究与利用重点实验室,四川内江641100

出　　处：《核农学报》2018年第10期1992-2001,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省教育厅科技成果转化重大培育项目(17CZ0018);四川省教育厅重点项目(17ZA0215)

摘　　要：为探讨菜花状猴头菇(CFM)和珊瑚状猴头菇(CM)的营养和应用价值,对3个品种的CFM和CM的营养标签中标示成分、氨基酸、矿物质元素、脂肪酸、多糖、总酚和部分维生素等含量进行了测定分析,并与正常形状猴头菇(对照组)进行比较分析。结果表明,CFM、CM中的蛋白质和17种氨基酸的含量均显著高于对照组,且氨基酸组成及含量均符合FAO/WHO推荐的蛋白质理想模式,属于质量较好的蛋白质。CFM、CM中的不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为14 346.41~14 871.50 mg·kg-1、13 889.82~14334.12 mg·kg-1,均高于对照组,且较对照组多出2种多不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3族、ω-6族脂肪酸各1种)。CFM、CM中的矿物元素含量丰富,但除K、Ca、Se和Cr元素外,P、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu和Mn元素含量均略低于对照组,但对照组的锌铁比和锌铜比更合理。与对照组相比,CFM、CM中的维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B3、总酚等物质含量较低,但仍保持在70%左右。此外,与对照组相比,CFM、CM中的能量、脂肪、灰分和多糖含量无显著性差异。综上,CFM、CM具有较高的营养价值和保健作用,本试验结果为CFM、CM深加工及综合利用提供了一定的理论依据。To explore the nutrition value of cauliflower-shaped mushroom（CFM） and coral-shaped mushroom（CM）from Hericium erinaceus, the contents of elements on the nutritional labe, amino acids, mineral elements,polysaccharide,total phenols and vitamins from three varieties were analyzed,and compared with the normal-shaped H.erinaceus（as the control group）. The results showed that the content of protein and 17-kinds of amino acids in CFM and CM were significantly higher than that of the control group. The composition and content ofamino acid of CFM and CM were in accordance with the ideal protein pattern recommended by FAO/WHO,suggesting CFM and CM are a good source of protein. The unsaturated fatty acid content of CFM and CM were 14 346. 41 -14 871. 50 mg·kg^-1 and13 889. 82 -14 334. 12 mg·kg^-1,respectively,which was higher than that of the control group. Two new kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acid were found in CFM and CM,which were cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid and cis-11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid. Both CFM and CM were rich in minerals,such as K,P and Mg. Though the content of P,Mg,Zn,Fe and Mn in CFM and CM was lower than that of the control group,the ratio of Zn/Fe and Zn/Cu was move reasonable. In contrast to control group,the content of vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin B3 and total phenols in CFM and CM declined but remained at about 70%. Moreover,the content of energy,fat,ash and polysaccharide in CFM and CM were comparable to those of the control group, thus no significant differences were observed between the experimental groups and the control group. In conclusion,the CFM and CM have a higher nutritive value than the control group,which might facilitate the deep processing and comprehensive utilization of CFM and CM.

关 键 词：菜花状猴头菇 珊瑚状猴头菇 营养成分 测定 分析 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TS219[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]