环境胁迫植物富集γ-氨基丁酸的研究进展  

Research Progress on Enrichment ofγ-Aminobutyric Acid in Plants under Environmental Stress

作　　者：王斌[1] 丁俊胄[1,2] 贾才华 赵思明 牛猛[1] 张宾佳[1] 熊善柏 林亲录[3] WANG Bin;DING Jun-zhou;JIA Cai-hua;ZHAO Si-ming;NIU Meng;ZHANG Bin-jia;XIONG Shan-bai;LIN Qin-lu(College of Food Science ＆ Technology of Huazhong Agriculture University,Wuhan 430070,China;Department of Food and Human Nutrition,University Of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign,Urbanalllinois 6180 l,America;College of Food Science ＆ Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]伊利诺伊大学香槟分校食品与人类营养学系,美国伊利诺伊州厄巴纳市61801 [3]中南林业科技大学食品科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2018年第18期342-346,352,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2662017QD004)

摘　　要：γ-氨基丁酸(Gamma-aminobutyric acid,GABA)是一种四碳非蛋白组成氨基酸,在人体中是一种重要的神经活性抑制剂,具有降血压、缓解焦虑、安眠等功效。食用植物(如糙米、小麦、玉米、大豆等)中均含有一定量的GABA,是开发高GABA食品的良好来源。本文将对植物合成GABA两种代谢途径(GABA支路、多胺降解)进行阐述,同时介绍环境胁迫作用对两种代谢途径的影响,以期为环境胁迫在高GABA食品研发中的应用提供一定参考。Gamma-aminobutyric acid（ GABA） is a four-carbon non-protein constituent amino acid,has many physiological functions,such as easing nervous tension,falling the blood pressure,promoting sleep and other effects. It is reported that some plants are rich in GABA,suggesting their good prospect towards functional food development. In this review,two metabolic pathways of GABA synthesis were described,including GABA shunt and polyamide degradation. Furthermore,the impact of environmental stresses（ i.e.,cold,heat,salt and drought） on the content of GABA in different plants,such as brown rice,wheat,corn and soybean,and their potential application in food industry were also explored.

关 键 词：Γ-氨基丁酸 GABA支路 多胺降解 环境胁迫 

分 类 号：TS275.5[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]