临床实习教学中学生对精神科认知及带教质量测评  

The investigation of students＇ attitude to psychiatry and the teaching quality evaluation in clinical practice teaching

作　　者：邱海棠[1] 罗庆华[1] 傅一笑[1] 邱田[1] 杜莲[1] Qiu Haitang, Luo Qinghuo, Fu Yixiao, Qiu Tian, Du Lian(Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院精神科,400016

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2018年第9期969-972,共4页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

摘　　要：目的了解精神卫生专业方向学生进入精神科实习前后对精神科的认识情况及对带教教师教学方法的评估，为改进教学方法奠定理论基础。方法采用经信效度测试的自制《精神科实习态度认知问卷》，通过整群随机抽样的方法，抽取2015至2016年重庆医科大学临床医学精神卫生方向本科学生共208名，调查学生进入精神科实习前后对精神科的认知及态度，并在实习结束时采用经信效度测试的自制《精神科带教评价形成性问卷》，初步评估实习过程中学生对教师的教学情况评估。结果在实习前，通过问卷调查发现，分别有44．2％、37．0％的学生存在明显紧张或恐惧情绪，存在同情心的学生比例为57．2％，愿意从事精神科工作的学生仅为41．4％。经过有针对性地开展教学工作，发现实习结束时具有明显紧张、恐惧心理的学生比例分别下降到0．0％；对精神病患者有同情心的学生比例上升到78．4％，差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论实习初期对实习学生心态的调查，有助于带教教师有针对性地改善教学态度、改进教学理念、规范教学方法，使得学生对精神病患者和精神科的负面态度明显减低，对带教效果满意度提高，收到较好的临床教学效果。Objective To understand students＇ attitude changes before and after they started their internships in the department of psychiatry and evaluate their teachers＇ teaching methods. Methods Using a self-made questionnaire of Psychiatric Internship Attitude that has passed the reliability and validity test, from 2015 to 2016, a total of 208 undergraduate students in the clinical medicine mental health direction of Chongqing Medical University were selected through cluster random sampling to investigate their attitude changes towards psychiatry before and after they started their internships. At the end. of their internships, another self-made Psychiatric Teach Evaluation Forming Questionnaire of the reliability and validity test was used to preliminarily evaluate the students＇ assessment of the teaching situation of their teachers during the internship. Results Before the internships, through the survey we found that 44.2% of the students felt nervous, 37.0% fearful, 57.2% compassionate, and the percentage of students who were willing to work in the department of psychiatry is only 41.4%. Through investigation, teachers carried out the teaching work with targeted goals, at the end of the internship the tension and fear decreased to 0.0%, the proportion of empathy rose to 78.4%, and the differences are statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The students＇ attitude survey at the beginning of their internship can help teachers improve their teaching attitudes, concepts and methods, and make students＇ negative attitudes towards mental patients and psychiatry significandy reduce.

关 键 词：精神科 实习态度 心理 带教质量 对策 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] R-4[文化科学—教育学]