国外解决教育公平问题的经验及启示  

Foreign Experience on Promoting Educational Equality and Its Enlightenment for Us

作　　者：王晶[1] Wang Jing

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学

出　　处：《新媒体与社会》2013年第1期343-360,共18页New Media and Society

基　　金：上海交通大学舆情研究实验室“教育舆情”项目的阶段性成果,项目负责人:谢耘耕

摘　　要：实现教育公平是一个长期的、动态的、发展的过程,教育公平分为起点、过程与结果公平,世界发达国家为实现教育公平经历了追求入学机会均等、教育过程和教育结果公平的不同阶段,为我国教育事业的发展、教育公平的实现提供了丰富的经验。根据对2011—2012年中国教育公平问题的舆情研究发现,高等教育、义务教育、学前教育是在教育公平问题上受到争议较多的教育阶段,而考试招生的教育公平缺失是造成高等教育和义务教育问题备受关注的重要原因。此外,由于我国地域辽阔、民族众多以及城乡经济发展不平衡等国情导致的城乡教育公平缺失,使得如何促进城乡公平、地区公平,保证人人都有受教育的平等机会成为教育领域的重要课题,因此,重视和支持农村教育和少数民族教育事业的发展,也是解决我国教育公平问题所不能忽视的方面。在此基础上,本文以高等教育、义务教育、学前教育、少数民族教育的教育公平问题为研究领域,重点介绍了英国、法国、日本、加拿大等国家先进的教育措施和教育经验,以期对我国教育公平的实现有所启示。The realization of educational equity will take a long time, as well as the process is dynamic and developmental. Educational equity is divided as start equity, process equity and result equity. The developed countries experienced ditterent stages in pursuit of enrollment equity, educational process andresult equality in order to achieve educational equity. They provide a wealth of experience for us and we can learn from them. According to people opinions of Chinese educational equality in 2011 -2012, due to the lack of education equity in admission examination field, higher education, compulsory education and preschool education are the most controversial educational issues. In addition, the situation of vast region, many nation and economic development unbalanced in our country leads to urban and rural educational inequity. How to promote urban and rural educational equity, area equity and ensure everyone has equal educational opportunities become a significant subject in the educational field. Theretore, paying attention to the rural education and the ethnic education development also cannot be ignored. Above all, this thesis tocuses on higher education, compulsoi7 education, preschool education, minority education equity, and introduces Britain, France, Japan, Canada and other countries＇ advanced educational measures and experience in order to provide some practical ideas about educational equity tor our country.

关 键 词：教育公平 国外教育经验 高等教育 义务教育 教育投入 

分 类 号：G511[文化科学—教育学]