基于流固耦合的高速列车裙板支架气动载荷响应分析  

Structure Response Analysis of Skirt Board Brackets of High Speed Train under Aerodynamic Load Based on FSI Method

作　　者：张永昌[1] 徐宇工[1] 张乐乐[1] ZHANG Yongchang;XU Yugong;ZHANG Lele(School of Mechanical and Electrical, Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道学报》2016年第6期15-22,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51475036);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2014YJS116)

摘　　要：本文旨在探究高速列车裙板支架疲劳开裂现象的原因。阐述将流固耦合技术应用于研究列车构件在气动载荷作用下响应的方法，建立能够同时求解列车车外流场、设备舱内流场、裙板及其支架动载荷响应的流固耦合计算模型，并进行数值模拟。计算结果表明：流场结构的周期性变化是裙板所受周期性气动载荷的产生原因。裙板内外表面的最大压差可达300.400Pa，压力差变化频率为1.55.2.15HZ。裙板所受气动载荷的幅值沿车长方向增加，且随车速的提升而增加；而气动载荷的频率沿车长变化较小，随车速的提升略有增加。裙板支架的筋板连接处为应力集中区域，该区域的交变应力对疲劳破坏有重要影响。This article aims to reveal the causes of cracks on the skirt board brackets of high speed train.A cal-culation method was discussed where flow structure interaction(FSI)technique was applied to the study of structure response of train components under aerodynamic load.An FSI model was established to simulate the flow field outside the train and inside the equipment bay,as well as the structure response of the skirt boards and their brackets simultaneously. The simulation results showed that periodic variations of the fluid flow caused periodic aerodynamic load.The maximal pressure difference between inside and outside surfaces of skirt boards was 300~400 Pa while the frequency of pressure difference variation was around 1.55~2.15 Hz.The amplitude of the aerodynamic load on the skirt boards increased with vehicle length and velocity,while the cor-responding frequency was independent of vehicle length but increased slightly with vehicle velocity.Stress con-centration was noted at rib plate connections of skirt board brackets.The alternating stress of this area had significant influence on fatigue fracture.

关 键 词：高速列车 裙板 气动载荷 流固耦合 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程] U298.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]