中国野生葡萄果实基本品质、酚类物质含量及其抗氧化活性分析  

Quality Characteristics, Phenolics Content and Antioxidant Activity of Chinese Wild Grapes

作　　者：江雨[1] 孟江飞[1] 刘崇怀[2] 姜建福[2] 樊秀彩[2] 严静[2] 张振文[1] JIANG Yu;MENG Jiangfei;LIU Chonghuai;JIANG Jianfu;FAN Xiucai;YAN Jing;ZHANG Zhenwen(College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450009

出　　处：《食品科学》2017年第7期142-148,共7页Food Science

基　　金：国家现代农业(葡萄)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30-zp-9);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFTRI)

摘　　要：中国野生葡萄资源丰富,但对其利用有限;为揭示不同种野生葡萄的品质差异及进一步利用奠定理论基础,本研究对中国野生葡萄的10个种(46个株系)和不同对照品种(4份材料)的基本品质、酚类物质含量及其抗氧化活性指标进行评价。结果表明:1)除刺葡萄外,中国野生葡萄的单果质量小于‘赤霞珠’;中国野生葡萄的皮果比高于‘赤霞珠’。2)中国野生葡萄和对照之间糖的组成相似,果糖与葡萄糖所占的比例没有差异,总糖含量显著低于‘赤霞珠’和‘户太8号’;除刺葡萄外,中国野生葡萄的总酸含量显著高于对照‘赤霞珠’和‘户太8号’,中国野生葡萄的酒石酸/苹果酸的比值低于‘赤霞珠’,说明中国野生葡萄属于高苹果酸型;河岸葡萄和圆叶葡萄的糖酸含量与中国野生葡萄的糖酸含量较接近;‘赤霞珠’和‘户太8号’属于高糖低酸型,中国野生葡萄属于低糖高酸型。3)中国野生葡萄的抗氧化活性和酚类物质的含量变异较大,大部分的野生葡萄与‘赤霞珠’的酚类物质含量和抗氧化活相近,但中国野生葡萄的花色苷含量高于对照的花色苷含量。综上所述,中国野生葡萄中的燕山葡萄、蘡薁葡萄和刺葡萄的品质较好,其与‘赤霞珠’和‘户太8号’的糖酸组分、酚类物质含量及抗氧化活性接近。Wild grape resources are abundant in China,but their utilization is limited.In order to reveal the quality differences among different Chinese wild grape species and lay the theoretial foundation for further utilization,10Chinese wild grape species(46lines)and four different control populations were investigated with regard to their quality characteristics,phenolics content and antioxidant activity.The results showed that:1)the single berry mass of Cabernet Sauvignon was higher than that of all wild grape species except V.davidii,but the mass ratio of skin to whole berry of Cabernet Sauvignon was lower;2)the sugar composition of Chinese wild grapes was similar to that of the controls without significant differences observed in the contents of fructose and glucose,but total sugar content was significantly lower in Chinese wild grapes than in Cabernet Sauvignon and Hutai No.8.Total acid contents in all Chinese wild grape species except V.davidii were significantly higher than those in Cabernet Sauvignon and Hutai No.8.The ratio of tartaric acid to malic acid in Chinese wild grapes was lower than that in Cabernet Sauvignon,indicating that Chinese wild grapes belonged to the type of high malic acid.The contents of sugar and acid in Chinese wild grape were relatively closer to those in V.riparia and V.rotundifolia.Compared with Cabernet Sauvignon and Hutai No.8,with high sugars and low acids,Chinese wild grapes belonged to the species with low sugars and low acids;3)the phenolics contents and antioxidant activity of Chinese wild grapes had a wide range,with most species being similar to Cabernet Sauvignon.The content of anthocyanins in Chinese wild grapes was higher than that in the controls.In conclusion,the wild grapes of V.yanshanensis,V.bryoniaefolia and V.davidii have good quality based on their similarity to Sauvignon and Hutai No.8in terms of sugar and acid compositions,phenol contents and antioxidant activity.

关 键 词：中国野生葡萄 糖酸组分 品质评价 酚类物质 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]