船舶摇摆和工艺参数对南极磷虾挤压脱壳效果的影响  

Effect of ship swaying and process parameters on extrusion peeling of Antarctic krill

作　　者：郑晓伟[1] 张军文[1] 周春生 Zheng Xiaowei;Zhang Junwen;Zhou Chunsheng(Key Laboratory of Ocean Fishing Vessel and Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture; Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science; National R&D Branch Center For Aquatic Product Processing Equipment; Shanghai 200092, China)

机构地区：[1]农业部远洋渔船与装备重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,国家水产品加工装备研发分中心(上海),上海200092

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第1期273-278,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：南极海洋生物资源开发利用项目(2017)

摘　　要：为了探究风浪造成的船只摇摆和工艺参数设置对南极磷虾挤压脱壳加工效果的影响,该文测量记录了不同横摇和纵摇状态下脱壳加工的得肉率和虾壳残留,分析了不同条件下脱壳滚轴长度区域的脱壳完成率。结果表明:船舶摇摆会对脱壳加工得肉率与虾壳残留率造成影响,但差异均不显著(P>0.05),在纵摇7?和横摇5?时虾壳残留率分别达到1.07%和1.64%。船舶的摇摆对脱壳完成率有一定影响,随着摇摆幅度的增加,同一区域内脱壳完成率呈下降趋势。增加滚轴的长度能有效防止由于摇摆幅度增加而造成脱壳完成率降低的问题,当滚轴长度为1 200 mm时,脱壳完成率大于95%。放置时间对脱壳效果的影响较大(P<0.05),放置2 h后的磷虾在区域Ⅳ的脱壳完成率降低至94%,虾壳残留率也相应增多。研究结果可为南极磷虾脱壳设备的应用和产业化提供参考。Antarctic krill is not only rich in biological resources,but also has high utilization value.As a new protein resource,Antarctic krill will get more and more attention as the offshore fishery resources dwindle.But Antarctic krill is very small and grows in the distant Antarctic seas.Krill is rich in active enzymes and tends to deteriorate.As a result,it needs to be processed quickly on board.Therefore,the fishing and processing of Antarctic krill require higher cost and have more difficulty.In the1960s,the development of krill industry was started from abroad,and China has begun the research on krill processing technology in recent years.Some preliminary research results have been obtained in process and equipment.Krill is often used to produce shrimp meat or to extract shrimp oil.Peeling is another effective method for the utilization of Antarctic krill.Previous research has shown that roller extrusion is one of the effective methods for the peeling of Antarctic krill.There are many factors that influence the effect of peeling in actual production,such as rotation speed,extrusion distance,and roller clearance.It is also affected by the wind and waves of the sea.The wind and waves sway the ship and affect the safety of navigation.These include the impact on personnel and the impact on equipment.The influence of sway on the equipment is reflected in the change of stability and processing effect.A composite laminates peeling equipment is developed to explore the effect of waves on the peeling results of krill.The performance of the equipment under different swing conditions in the sea was analyzed.Ships would have varying degrees of lateral sway and vertical sway during the voyage.The yield rate and residual rate of shrimp shells were measured and recorded.The roller was divided into4areas according to the length.The completion rate of peeling in different regions was analyzed.The experimental results show that the swing of the ship affects the yield rate and the residual rate of the shell.But the difference is not

关 键 词：渔业 加工 品质控制 南极磷虾 脱壳 得肉率 完成率 船舶摇摆 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]