仁爱、兼爱、博爱的普遍性考察  

Study on Universality of Renai or Jianai or Boai

作　　者：李世平[1] LI Shiping(Department of Philosophy Teaching, Xi'an Municipal Party School of CPC, Xi'an 710054, China)

机构地区：[1]中共西安市委党校哲学教研部,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《云梦学刊》2018年第2期48-54,共7页Journal of Yunmeng

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"当代孟子心性论研究辨正"(16XZX006)

摘　　要：仁爱是基于血缘亲情的爱,根据亲疏远近的不同给予所有的人以不同程度的爱。仁爱既讲尊重和友爱又讲孝慈,爱的内容是普遍的;尊重和友爱所有的人是仁爱爱的对象普遍性的一面,而孝慈亲人则是仁爱爱的对象特殊性的一面;仁爱如此爱人,爱的主体是普遍的。兼爱孝慈天下人,是将血缘亲情的爱普遍化。兼爱讲孝慈,爱的内容是普遍的;兼爱孝慈天下人,爱的对象是普遍的;但人很难做到孝慈天下人,兼爱爱的主体无法普遍。博爱否定了血缘亲情,只讲尊重和友爱所有的人。博爱抽离了爱的内容的丰富性,爱的内容是抽象单一的;博爱以此爱所有的人,爱的对象是普遍的;尊重和友爱所有的人,人人都能够做到,博爱爱的主体也是普遍的。Renai is based on consanguineous affection and gives all human beings different love according to the difference of close or distant.The content of love of Confucianism is universal because Renai shows both respect or friendliness and filial piety or parental love,which respect and friendliness embody the universality of the object of Renai while the filial piety and parental love embody the particularity of the object of Renai.And with such love,the subject of love of Confucianism is universal.The content of love of Monism is universal because it shows filial piety and parental love.The object of love of Monism is universal because Jianai is filial piety and parental love to the public,however,the subject of love of Monism cannot be universal because anybody is difficulty to do this.The charity of western Christianity only respects and loves all human beings whereas denying consanguineous affection.The content of love of western Christianity is abstract sole because Boai taking out the richness of the content of love,and with such love,the object of love is universal,meanwhile the subject of love is universal too because anybody can respect and love all human beings.

关 键 词：仁爱 兼爱 博爱 普遍性 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]