内科学见习中培养医学生临床思维能力的探讨  

Cultivation of Clinical Thinking Ability of Medical Students in Clinical Practice of Internal Medicine

作　　者：王彩霞[1] 包品红[1] 黎宇苗[1] 潘世毅 王顺清[1] WANG Caixia;BAO Pinhong;LI Yumiao(Guangzhou First People’s Hospital,Guangzhou 510180,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市第一人民医院,广东广州510180

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2018年第2期122-126,共5页Medical Innovation of China

基　　金：2012中华医学会课题(2012-YY-38);2012年广州医科大学教育科学规划课题(201241)

摘　　要：目的:在内科学见习实践中提高学生学习兴趣及提高教学质量,培养学生临床思维能力。方法:通过加强师资队伍建设、教学建设、多媒体建设等为学生提供更好的教学条件,在《内科学》见习教学中开展以提高临床思维能力为目标的教学,带领医学生在疾病的病因、发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗等基本理论和实践技能方面全面提高,从而加强学生临床思维能力的培养。结果:以提高临床思维能力为出发点的内科学临床见习教学模式提高了学生对知识的运用程度、对疾病的诊疗能力、自学能力及学习积极性,学生的临床思维能力因此得到进一步提高;期末考试成绩显示,试验组操作考试平均成绩为(81.20±6.59)分,优于对照组的(78.49±7.53)分(P=0.039);学生理论考试,试验组理论考试平均成绩为(76.75±7.23)分,高于对照组的(74.03±7.99)分(P=0.040);对照组和试验组的不及格率分别为8.5%和3.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过在内科学见习中进行教学改革,探索出一套适合本院实际的、能有效提高医学生临床思维能力的《内科学》见习实践课教学模式。Objective:To heighten the students’interest of learning,improve teaching quality,and cultivate the clinic ideation of students in clinical practice of Internal Medicine.Method:We provided better conditions for students by strengthening the construction of teaching team and multimedia.We strengthened the cultivation of clinical thinking ability in students by leading the medical students to comprehensively improvement in the basic theory of the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment of different diseases and practice skills.Result:Students perceived that this teaching method greatly improved their utilization of knowledge,diagnosis ability,self-learning ability and encouraged their learning.Thus,their clinical thinking ability were greatly increased.The average operating test and theoretical examination of the experimental group were better than those of the control group(P=0.039,0.040).The failure rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Our teaching method provides a valuable way to cultivate the clinic ideation in students in clinical practice of Internal Medicine.

关 键 词：内科学 教学模式 见习 临床思维 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] R-4[文化科学—教育学]