英、汉表长度概念形容词空间义对比研究  

A Contrastive Study of the Spatial Senses of English and Chinese Spatial Dimensional Adjective Pairs Denoting Length

作　　者：刘桂玲[1] 杨忠[2] LIU Guiling;YANG Zhong(College of Foreign Languages,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130012,China;School of Foreign Languages,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,Jilin 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学外国语学院,吉林长春130012 [2]东北师范大学外国语学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《吉林师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2018年第4期103-107,共5页Journal Of Jilin Normal University:Humanities & Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学基金规划项目"英汉语空间量度形容词隐喻义的认知对比研究"(编号:15YJA740025);吉林省社会科学基金项目"英;汉间断语流现象的认知对比研究"(编号:2018B27)

摘　　要：通过对OALECD和《现汉》中表长度概念的"long、short"和"长、短"释义进行分析,研究发现,英、汉语使用者都将长度概念当作是最基本的空间量度概念。基于BNC和语料库在线中的用例进行对比发现,两对词都表示没有特定方向限制的线性延伸,凸显的是一维概念,最典型的用法都是用于描述物体最凸显维度,描述其中一个维度突出而其他维度可忽略不计的物体,或者描述第三个维度上没有明显界限或与话题无关的物体。"Long、short"和"长、短"用于描述路程、狭长物体、顶端或一端固定的物体如细长的身体部位、衣物、枝条根茎等。"Long"和"长"在用于描述水平方向上的延伸继而扩展到描述面积的延伸,这是人类空间认知协同的结果。"Long、short"和"长、短"在认知和使用方面的一致说明两种语言在长度空间量度概念及其词汇化方面是一致的。Based on an analysis of the definitions of“long,short”in OALECD and those of“长、短”in Contemporary Chinese Dictionary,it has been found that length is the most basic dimensional concepts to both English and Chinese speakers.With the instances from BNC and CN Corpus a contrastive study shows that the two pairs of spatial dimensional adjectives in English and Chinese are both used to describe linear extension without definite restrictions on directions and they profile one dimension of the object described.The typical us-age for both pairs is to describe the most prominent dimension of objects,those with one dimension so promi-nent that the other dimensions are usually ignored,or those whose third dimension does not have a boundary or is not pertinent to the topic under discussion.The two pairs of words are often used to describe roads,thin ob-jects,such objects that are fixed on top or on one end and loose on the other as body parts,clothing,and branch-es and roots.“Long”and“长”are used to describe horizontal extension and then extended to describe the ex-tension in area,which is the result of cognitive synergy.The consistencies in the cognition and use of spatial di-mensional adjectives denoting length in English and Chinese prove that the two languages are very similar in the dimension of length and their lexicalizations.

关 键 词：长度 空间量度形容词 英汉对比 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语] H314.2