鱼油基础饲料中添加不同抗氧化剂对虹鳟生长性能、脂蛋白水平和抗氧化功能的影响  

Effects of Different Antioxidants Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Lipoprotein Levels and Antioxidant Function of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fed Fish Oil-based Diets

作　　者：王恒志 张曦[1] 陶琳丽[1] 杨秀娟[1] 毕保良[1] 邓君明[1] WANG Hengzhi;ZHANG Xi;TAO Linli;YANG Xiujuan;BI Baoliang;DENG Junming(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期655-662,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460693;31760761);云南省应用基础研究重点项目(2018FA018);通威股份有限公司横向项目(TA2016A00)

摘　　要：【目的】研究鱼油基础饲料中添加乙氧基喹啉(EQ)和番茄红素(LCP)对虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)生长性能、脂蛋白水平和抗氧化功能的影响,以筛选虹鳟高脂饲料的适宜抗氧化剂。【方法】以鱼油为脂肪源,配制虹鳟基础饲料,并于基础饲料中分别添加0.02%EQ、LCP,配制出3种等氮等能饲料。选择均重为(29.4±0.1) g虹鳟270尾,随机分成3组(每组3个重复,每个重复30尾),进行8周饲养试验。【结果】(1)与对照组相比,EQ、LCP对虹鳟摄食率(FI)、日增重系数(DGC)均无显著影响(P>0.05),但LCP组FI和DGC显著高于EQ组;同时,EQ、LCP均显著改善了饲料系数和蛋白质效率(P<0.05),二组间该两项指标无显著差异。(2)添加EQ、LCP对胃蛋白酶、肠道和肝脏胰蛋白酶、肝脏淀粉酶活性均无显著影响(P>0.05),两者均对肠道淀粉酶活性有负面影响;添加LCP显著提高了肝脏二糖酶活性(P<0.05)。(3)与添加EQ相比,添加LCP显著降低了血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和肝脏总脂肪水平(P<0.05)。(4)添加EQ、LCP均显著提高了虹鳟血浆过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P<0.05);但LCP组血浆谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和肝脏GR、溶菌酶活性显著高于EQ组(P<0.05)。【结论】鱼油基础饲料中添加EQ、LCP均能提高虹鳟抗氧化功能,但LCP作为抗氧化剂更有利于提高其生长性能和抗氧化功能。[Purpose]To study the effects of ethoxyquin(EQ)and lycopene(LCP)supplementation on the growth performance,lipoprotein levels and antioxidant function of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)fed fish oil-based diets,in order to screen the suitable antioxidants for rainbow trout diets.[Method]Three isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 0,0.02%ethoxyquin and 0.02%lycopene,respectively.Two hundred and seventy rainbow trout with average body weight of(29.4±0.1)g were randomly divided into 3 groups(with 3 replicates of 30 fish each).[Result](1)Supplementation with EQ and LCP had no significant influence on the feed intake and daily gain coefficient of rainbow trout(P>0.05),FI and DGC in fish fed LCP diet were significantly higher than those in fish fed EQ diet.Supplementation with EQ and LCP significantly improved feed coefficient rate and protein efficiency ratio(P<0.05).There was no significant difference the two indexes between the two groups.(2)Supplementation with EQ and LCP had no significant effect on pepsin,intestinal and hepatic trypsin,hepatic amylase activities(P>0.05).Supplementation with EQ and LCP had negative effects on the intestinal amylase activity.Supplementation with LCP significantly increased the activity of intestinal disaccharidase(P<0.05).(3)Supplementation with LCP significantly reduced the serum total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDLC/HDL-C and hepatic total fat content(P<0.05).(4)Supplementation with EQ and LCP significantly improved the plasma peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase activity(P<0.05).Compared with the EQ supplementation,the activity of plasma,liver glutathione reductase(GR)and hepatic lysozyme were significantly improved by LCP supplementation(P<0.05).[Conclusion]It is concluded that the antioxidant capacity of rainbow trout is improved by ethoxyquin and lycopene supplementation.But lycopene as antioxidant was more conducive to improve its growth performance and antioxidant capacity.

关 键 词：虹鳟 乙氧基喹啉 番茄红素 生长性能 抗氧化功能 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]