基于状态估计的虚拟应答器捕获方法研究  

Research on Virtual Balise Capture Method Based on State Estimation

作　　者：刘江[1,2] 蔡伯根 王剑[1,2] 陆德彪 LIU Jiang;CAI Baigen;WANG Jian;LU Debiao(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of EMC and GNSS Technology for Rail Transportation,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电子信息工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京市轨道交通电磁兼容与卫星导航工程技术研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道学报》2018年第10期71-80,共10页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61403021;61490705);北京市自然科学基金(4182053);国家国际科技合作专项资助(2014DFA80260);中央高校基本科研业务费(2017JBM008)

摘　　要：基于卫星导航的列车运行状态自主感知是下一代列车控制系统的重要发展方向之一,采用虚拟应答器这一技术方案能够以较高的系统兼容性将卫星定位应用于列控系统,并实现系统自主化能力和成本效益的优化。本文基于虚拟应答器的基本原理,分析常规基于捕获半径的虚拟应答器捕获策略存在的问题,采用状态估计思想提出一种实现虚拟应答器捕获的新方法,该方法利用状态空间模型及估计算法对列车与虚拟应答器的接近状态进行估计计算,在确定列车位置的同时利用轨道电子地图及状态预测完成虚拟应答器的捕获判决。基于实测数据进行仿真的结果验证了本文所述方法相比于常规固定捕获半径方案在定位精度、捕获性能、捕获时间分辨率等方面的优势,反映了该方法用于未来实现基于卫星导航的列车控制系统的重要潜力和应用价值。Satellite navigation-based autonomous perception of train running state is an important direction for the development of next generation train control systems.The virtual Balise solution is capable of applying the satellite positioning to train control systems with a desirable system compatibility,and realizing the optimization of system autonomy and cost-effectiveness.In this paper,according to the principles of virtual Balise,the problems in applying the conventional fixed-interval-based virtual Balise capture methods were analyzed,and a novel capture method for realizing virtual Balises was proposed based on the state estimation approach.In this method,the approaching status of a train to the next virtual Balise was estimated with the space-state model and specific estimation algorithms,to determine the location of the train and achieve the determination of the capture state of the virtual Balise at the same time,where the state prediction with the electronic track map database was involved.The results from the simulations based on the field data demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method against the conventional solutions with fixed capture intervals,where the positioning precision,capture performance and the time resolution are considered.The results of this paper show the significant potential and application value of the proposed method in realizing satellite navigation-based train control systems in the future.

关 键 词：列车定位 列车运行控制 卫星定位 虚拟应答器 状态估计 

分 类 号：U284[交通运输工程—交通信息工程及控制]