网络协作学习个体贡献度评价的设计与应用  

The Design and Applied of Assessing Individual Contribution in Web-based Collaborative Learning

作　　者：马志强 闫雪静 张红英 MA Zhi-qiang;YAN Xue-jing;ZHANG Hong-ying(Research Center for Educational Informatization,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,Jiangsu,China 214122)

机构地区：[1]江南大学教育信息化研究中心,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《现代教育技术》2018年第10期87-93,共7页Modern Educational Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学青年项目"在线协作学习投入分析与评价研究"(项目编号:CCA180257)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：在网络协作学习中,教师通常会根据小组协作成果给予每个组员统一的分数,这种以小组为单位的评价方式并未考虑组员在协作过程中的个体贡献程度。而缺乏个体贡献度评价可能会导致积极成员逐渐减少投入,进而产生"搭便车"等消极协作学习行为。文章通过设计自主与同伴互评(Self-Assessment and Peer-Assessment,SAPA)来评价学习者在网络协作学习过程与成果中的个体贡献度,采用量化与质性相结合的方法来探索SAPA设计的原则和策略,并分析学习者的学习经历及其对评价的看法。结果表明,SAPA方法能够帮助学习者明确个体责任,促进群体成员共同分担小组任务。研究意义在于进一步确认:个体贡献评价分数的构成比例,学习者对评价过程的自主反思以及避免"互惠效应"的多重策略对设计SAPA具有重要价值。In a collaborative learning environment,teachers usually give each group member a unified score based on team collaboration results.This group-based evaluation method does not consider the individual contribution of team members in collaboration process.While the lack of evaluation on individual efforts may lead the active members to reduce their investment gradually,which in turn results in the negatively collaborative learning behaviour of free-riding.In this article,self-assessment and peer-assessment(SAPA)was designed for evaluating individual contribution in the process and product of web-based collaborative learning,and further the design principle and strategy of SAPA were explored through the method of combing quantification and qualitative.In addition,students’learning experience and their opinion on evaluation were analyzed.Results showed that the SAPA method could help students to clarify the individual responsibility and promote group members to share group task.The significance of the research was to identify that the proportion of individual contribution score,the learners’independent reflection on evaluation process and the multiple strategies for avoiding“reciprocity effects”were crucial for the design of SAPA.

关 键 词：网络协作学习 个体贡献度 自主评价 同伴互评 学习评价 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]