Alkaline sphingomyelinase(NPP7) in hepatobiliary diseases: A field that needs to be closely studied  

作　　者：Rui-Dong Duan 

机构地区：[1]Gastroenterology and Nutrition Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University

出　　处：《World Journal of Hepatology》2018年第2期246-253,共8页世界肝病学杂志（英文版）（电子版）

基　　金：supported from grants of Swedish Research Council;Swedish Cancerfonden;Albert P?hlsson Foundation;Crafoord Foundation;foundation of Region Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden

摘　　要：Alkaline sphingomyelinase cleaves phosphocholine from sphingomyelin, platelet-activating factor, lysophosphatidylcholine, and less effectively phosphatidyl-choline. The enzyme shares no structure similarities with acid or neutral sphingomyelinase but belongs to ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase(NPP) family and therefore is also called NPP7 nowadays. The enzyme is expressed in the intestinal mucosa in many species and additionally in human liver. The enzyme in the intestinal tract has been extensively studied but not that in human liver. Studies on intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase show that it inhibits colonic tumorigenesis and inflammation, hydrolyses dietary sphingomyelin, and stimulates cholesterol absorption. The review aims to summarize the current knowledge on liver alkaline sphingomyelinase in human and strengthen the necessity for close study on this unique human enzyme in hepatobiliary diseases.Alkaline sphingomyelinase cleaves phosphocholine from sphingomyelin, platelet-activating factor, lysophosphatidylcholine, and less effectively phosphatidyl-choline. The enzyme shares no structure similarities with acid or neutral sphingomyelinase but belongs to ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase(NPP) family and therefore is also called NPP7 nowadays. The enzyme is expressed in the intestinal mucosa in many species and additionally in human liver. The enzyme in the intestinal tract has been extensively studied but not that in human liver. Studies on intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase show that it inhibits colonic tumorigenesis and inflammation, hydrolyses dietary sphingomyelin, and stimulates cholesterol absorption. The review aims to summarize the current knowledge on liver alkaline sphingomyelinase in human and strengthen the necessity for close study on this unique human enzyme in hepatobiliary diseases.

关 键 词：SPHINGOMYELIN Alkaline sphingomyelinase Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 AUTOTAXIN Platelet-activating factor CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA Liver diseases GALLSTONE 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生]