Drinking during pregnancy: Potential role of endocannabinoid signaling in fetal alcohol effects  

作　　者：Basalingappa L Hungund 

机构地区：[1]Nathan Kline Institute for Psy-chiatric Research [2]New York State Psychiatric Institute [3]Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University

出　　处：《World Journal of Neurology》2017年第1期1-5,共5页世界神经病学杂志

摘　　要：Alcohol is a well-recognized teratogen that can causevariable physical and behavioral effects on the fetus.Alcohol use and abuse during pregnancy is one of the major health and societal problems and has been linked to a wide range of birth defects in the offspring collectively termed as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder(FASD). The severity of abnormalities may depend on a number of factors that include the amount, the frequency, the period during gestation and the route of alcohol administration. The current knowledge about the neurobiological basis of FASD is limited. However, recent studies have suggested that the membrane-derived lipids especially bioactive endogenous cannabinoids(eCB)such as arachidonyl ethanolamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol resulting from alcohol exposure, may play a significant role in modulating neurophysiological and neurobehavioral effects in chronic alcohol exposed adult animals. Based on these findings and on reported studies on the role of eCB signaling in neurodevelopment and behavior, it is speculated that the eC B signaling may play a critical role in fetal alcohol syndrome and FASD-related behavioral effects. The current discussion will touch upon some of the mechanistic explanations about the role of eCB signaling system in FASD and provide further guidance for future direction.Alcohol is a well-recognized teratogen that can causevariable physical and behavioral effects on the fetus.Alcohol use and abuse during pregnancy is one of the major health and societal problems and has been linked to a wide range of birth defects in the offspring collectively termed as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder(FASD). The severity of abnormalities may depend on a number of factors that include the amount, the frequency, the period during gestation and the route of alcohol administration. The current knowledge about the neurobiological basis of FASD is limited. However, recent studies have suggested that the membrane-derived lipids especially bioactive endogenous cannabinoids(eCB)such as arachidonyl ethanolamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol resulting from alcohol exposure, may play a significant role in modulating neurophysiological and neurobehavioral effects in chronic alcohol exposed adult animals. Based on these findings and on reported studies on the role of eCB signaling in neurodevelopment and behavior, it is speculated that the eC B signaling may play a critical role in fetal alcohol syndrome and FASD-related behavioral effects. The current discussion will touch upon some of the mechanistic explanations about the role of eCB signaling system in FASD and provide further guidance for future direction.

关 键 词：Lipid CANNABINOIDS 1 receptor ALCOHOL γ-aminobutyric acid ENDOCANNABINOID FETAL ALCOHOL spectrum DISORDER 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生]