外源乙烯对采后杏鲍菇内源乙烯释放和衰老进程的影响  

Effect of Exogenous Ethylene Treatment on Endogenous Ethylene Production and Senescence of Postharvest Pleurotus eryngii

作　　者：黎春红 张雷刚[2] 罗淑芬[2] 周宏胜[2] 胡花丽[2] 李鹏霞[2,3] LI Chunhong;ZHANG Leigang;LUO Shufen;ZHOU Hongsheng;HU Huali;LI Pengxia(College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学食品学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]江苏省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,江苏南京210014 [3]江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《食品科学》2018年第23期182-191,共10页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31601524);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(18)2028)

摘　　要：为了深入了解杏鲍菇成熟衰老机理,探讨其对乙烯的敏感性,以杏鲍菇为试材,研究常温条件下((20±1)℃、相对湿度70%～80%)杏鲍菇子实体内源乙烯释放规律及不同剂量(1、10、100、1 000μL/L)外源乙烯对其内源乙烯释放和衰老进程的影响。结果表明:杏鲍菇子实体采后乙烯释放量随子实体的继续发育逐渐增加,分别在贮藏的12 h和36 h各出现一次释放高峰,释放量分别为贮藏前的12.53倍和7.57倍;同时外源乙烯能不同程度地诱导子实体内源乙烯的释放,并推迟乙烯跃变启动时间,促进多酚氧化酶活力、苯丙氨酸解氨酶活力、褐变程度、相对电导率、丙二醛含量的上升,加快可溶性糖及蛋白的降解,降低子实体抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活力,加速1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除率、总抗氧化能力的下降,并使子实体的抗氧化物质(总酚、类黄酮)含量相比对照组保持在较低水平。由此说明,外源乙烯处理能够加速杏鲍菇的采后衰老进程,该研究结果为进一步揭示杏鲍菇采后衰老机制提供理论参考。This study was carried out in order to understand the maturation and senescence mechanism of Pleurotus eryngii and its sensitivity to ethylene.The pattern of endogenous ethylene production in Pleurotus eryngii under normal temperature(20±1)℃and70%–80%relative humidity was investigated,and the effect of exogenous ethylene treatment(1,10,100or1000μL/L)on the endogenous ethylene production in postharvest P.eryngii and its senescence process was determined.The results indicated that the biosynthesis of ethylene gradually increased with the maturation of P.eryngii during postharvest storage and exhibited a peak at12h and36h of storage,respectively.Furthermore,the two peak values were increased by12.53and7.57times,respectively,when compared with the sporophores before storage(0h).Meanwhile,exogenous ethylene treatments accelerated endogenous ethylene production in P.eryngii,delayed the endogenous ethylene production peak,increased PPO(polyphenol oxidase)and PAL(phenylalanine ammonia-lyase)activities;moreover,exogenous ethylene treatments maintained higher browning degree,promoted the increase of relative electrical conductivity and MDA(malondialdehyde)content and the degradation of soluble sugar and protein,decreased APX(ascorbate peroxidase),CAT(catalase),POD(peroxidase)and SOD(superoxide dismutase)activities,accelerated the decrease in DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl)radical scavenging capacity and total antioxidant capability(T-AOC),and maintained lower levels of total phenol and flavonoid contents.In conclusion,exogenous ethylene treatments could significantly accelerate the senescence of postharvest P.eryngii.These findings will be helpful to reveal the regulatory mechanism of ethylene on the ripening and senescence of edible mushrooms.

关 键 词：杏鲍菇 乙烯 衰老 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]