19世纪以来广州方言有标记被动句的发展  

Development of the Marked Passive Sentence in Cantonese Since the 19^(th) Century

作　　者：金桂桃[1] Jin Guitao(Department of Chinese Language, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学汉语言学系,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《长江学术》2019年第1期108-113,共6页Yangtze River Academic

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(17BYY072);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2018VI007)

摘　　要：广州方言有标记被动句中引进施事的介词,19世纪主要用"被"。在语言发展普遍规律的推动下,给予、使役义的"俾"发展出表示被动的意义,并渐渐取代"被"而发展成为广州方言中唯一的被动标记。表达格式方面的发展变化主要体现在两个方面:一是被动标记后施动者不出现的用法消失了;二是自20世纪初期开始,出现了形式上无主语、受事成分位于VP结构之后的用法。早期广州方言"被"字句是古代汉语在广州方言区内的留存,"俾"取代"被"的过程和结果是广州方言系统自身发展演变的表现。In the 19th Century, 被 was the passive marker in Cantonese. With the development of 俾, gradually, 被 was substituted by 俾, which is growing to be the only passive marker in Cantonese. The development of sentence structure can be concluded as following: I. the disappearance of the agent;II. The emergence of structure"俾/被+N施+VP+N受".The 被 sentence in early Cantonese was the remain of ancient Chinese.

关 键 词：广州方言 被动句 语言发展 

分 类 号：H178[语言文字—汉语]